Cognitive and behavioral manifestations in SARS-CoV-2 infection: not specific or distinctive features?

Stracciari, Andrea; Bottini, Gabriella; Guarino, Maria; Magni, Eugenio; Pantoni, Leonardo

doi:10.1007/s10072-021-05231-0

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 79 publications

(92 reference statements)

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“…Thirty percent of patients with COVID-19 have a pathological score compared to none in the control group. These findings are in agreement with previous studies showing an impairment in working memory abilities in COVID+ patient ( Almeria et al, 2020 ; Graham et al, 2021 ; Jaywant et al, 2021 ; Negrini et al, 2021 ; Stracciari et al, 2021 ). Again, this data may be due to the neuroinvasive nature of the virus.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…We found that the number of people with at least one pathological score was higher in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection than in controls. These findings reflect previous research showing cognitive deficits in COVID-19 patients such as impairments in memory ( Almeria et al, 2020 ; Woo et al, 2020 ; Alemanno et al, 2021 ; Jaywant et al, 2021 ; Negrini et al, 2021 ; Stracciari et al, 2021 ; Yesilkaya et al, 2021 ), executive functions ( Almeria et al, 2020 ; Alemanno et al, 2021 ; Beaud et al, 2021 ; Jaywant et al, 2021 ; Negrini et al, 2021 ; Stracciari et al, 2021 ; Yesilkaya et al, 2021 ), attention ( Almeria et al, 2020 ; Woo et al, 2020 ; Graham et al, 2021 ; Jaywant et al, 2021 ; Negrini et al, 2021 ; Stracciari et al, 2021 ; Yesilkaya et al, 2021 ), and working memory ( Almeria et al, 2020 ; Graham et al, 2021 ; Jaywant et al, 2021 ; Negrini et al, 2021 ; Stracciari et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

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Cognitive and Neuropsychiatric Features of COVID-19 Patients After Hospital Dismission: An Italian Sample

et al. 2022

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Background and AimsRecent studies suggest cognitive, emotional, and behavioral impairments occur in patients after SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, studies are limited to case reports or case series and, to our knowledge, few of them have control groups. This study aims to assess the prevalence of neuropsychological and neuropsychiatric impairment in patients after hospitalization.MethodsWe enrolled 29 COVID+ patients (M/F: 17/12; age 58.41 ± 10.00 years; education 11.07 ± 3.77 years, 2 left handers) who needed hospitalization but no IC, about 20 days post-dismission, and 29 COVID− healthy matched controls. Neuropsychological and neuropsychiatric assessments were conducted via teleneuropsychology using the following tests: MMSE, CPM47, RAVLT, CDT, Digit-Span Forward/Backward, Verbal fluencies; BDI-II, STAI. People with previous reported cognitive impairment and neurological or psychiatric conditions were excluded. Clinical and demographics were collected. Comparison between groups was conducted using parametric or non-parametric tests according to data distribution (T-test, Mann Withney-U test; Chi-square goodness of fit). Within COVID+ group, we also evaluated the correlation between the cognitive and behavioral assessment scores and clinical variables collected.ResultsAmong COVID+, 62% had at least one pathological test (vs. 13% in COVID−; p = 0.000) and significantly worst performances than COVID− in RAVLT learning (42.55 ± 10.44 vs. 47.9 ± 8.29, p = 0.035), RAVLT recall (8.79 ± 3.13 vs. 10.38 ± 2.19, p = 0.03), and recognition (13.69 ± 1.47 vs. 14.52 ± 0.63, p = 0.07). STAI II was higher in COVID− (32.69 ± 7.66 vs. 39.14 ± 7.7, p = 0.002). Chi-square on dichotomous values (normal/pathological) showed a significant difference between groups in Digit backward test (pathological 7/29 COVID+ vs. 0/29 COVID−; p = 0.005).ConclusionsPatients COVID+ assessed by teleneuropsychology showed a vulnerability in some memory and executive functions (working memory, learning, delayed recall, and recognition). Intriguingly, anxiety was higher in the control group. Our findings therefore confirm the impact of COVID-19 on cognition even in patients who did not need IC. Follow-up is needed to evaluate the evolution of COVID-19-related cognitive deficit.Clinical Trial Registration[ClinicalTrials.gov], identifier [NCT05143320].

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Cognitive and Neuropsychiatric Features of COVID-19 Patients After Hospital Dismission: An Italian Sample

et al. 2022

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“…However, it is mandatory to control for such intervening variables in order to provide valid data on the cognitive profile of COVID-19-recovered individuals. It is indeed still a matter of debate whether the cognitive toll of COVID-19 actually reflects the neurological effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection or is confounded by predisposing risk factors [ 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive phenotyping of post-infectious SARS-CoV-2 patients

et al. 2022

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Background SARS-CoV-2 infection entails neuroinvasive, neuroinflammatory, and treatment-related features accounting for cognitive deficits in COVID-19-recovered patients. Although screening for such dysfunctions in this population is considered clinically relevant, contributions to cognitive phenotyping including premorbid and disease-related confounders are scarcely represented. This study thus aimed at describing the cognitive outcome at the function-/domain-level of post-infectious SARS-CoV-2 patients being already at risk (RCD +) or not (RCD −) for cognitive decline. Methods Fifty-four COVID-19-recovered individuals were classified as either RCD + or RCD − according to medical records. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Addebrooke Cognitive Examination-Revised (ACE-R), Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB), and Attentive Matrices (AM) were administered (N = 54, 34, 28, and 28 patients, respectively). Results Prevalence of defective (cutoff = 24.89) MMSE scores was 24.3% in RCD + patients and 5.9% in the RCD − group. ACE-R-total below cutoff scores were less frequent (RCD + : 5.4%; RCD − : 5.9%). Abnormal performances at the FAB an AM were respectively detected in 18.9% and 8.1% of RCD + patients and 0% and 11.8% of the RCD − group. Within the ACE-R subtests, those assessing orientation, attention, and fluency were the most frequently impaired in both groups. Disease-related variables were mostly unassociated with cognitive measures. Discussion Both RCD + and RCD − COVID-19-recovered individuals might show cognitive deficits within the dysexecutive-inattentive and amnesic spectrum. Non-instrumental, executive/attentive dysfunctions are predominant in this population and can be detected by both screening and domain-specific psychometric tests—although the latter might be more sensitive in RCD − patients.

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“…Вероятно, механизмы развития когнитивных и нейропсихиатрических симптомов при инфекции SARS-CoV-2 носят вторичный характер -как проявление гипоксии, воспаления, лихорадки и побочных эффектов лекарственных препаратов. Наиболее универсальной манифестацией тяжелой инфекции, развивающейся у каждого десятого пациента во время госпитализации (чаще у пожилых и лиц с КН), является делирий [42].…”

Section: клиническая картина методы обследования и лечение при основн...unclassified

Acute and long-term neurological disorders in patients with coronavirus infection

Parfenov

Кулеш

2022

RJTAO

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Currently, patients who attribute their complaints and disorders to the past COVID-19 are turning to a neurologist for a consultation. One should consider dangerous complications of COVID-19 such as stroke, including cerebral venous thrombosis, autoimmune encephalitis and myelitis, posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome, Guillain–Barre’ syndrome. Disorders of consciousness, disorders of smell and taste, headache and dizziness are significantly more often present in the acute period of COVID-19. Long-term persistence of complaints and disorders after COVID-19 is regarded as post-COVID syndrome (PCS). Neurological complaints and disorders in a patient who has had COVID-19 are often caused by the development or exacerbation of a comorbid disease, including primary headache, musculoskeletal pain in the neck and back, various vestibular disorders, Alzheimer's disease, anxiety and depressive disorders. Unfortunately, in real clinical practice, these diseases are often not diagnosed, patients are observed with a diagnosis of PCS, and it is not taken into account that the basis for diagnosing PCS is the exclusion of other diseases that can explain complaints and disorders in a patient who has suffered from COVID-19.

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Cognitive and behavioral manifestations in SARS-CoV-2 infection: not specific or distinctive features?

Cited by 14 publications

References 79 publications

Cognitive and Neuropsychiatric Features of COVID-19 Patients After Hospital Dismission: An Italian Sample

Cognitive and Neuropsychiatric Features of COVID-19 Patients After Hospital Dismission: An Italian Sample

Cognitive phenotyping of post-infectious SARS-CoV-2 patients

Acute and long-term neurological disorders in patients with coronavirus infection

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