Cognitive and affective disorders in hyper- and hypothyreotic elderly patients

Maugeri, D.; Motta, Massimo; Salerno, Giovanni; Rosso, D.; Mazzarella, R.; Salomone, Simona; Russo, Mario Salvatore; Elia, G.; Panebianco, P.

doi:10.1016/s0167-4943(98)80043-5

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Table 1 displays characteristics of all studies: 6 cohort (236 646 of 348 014 participants [68%]) and 19 crosssectional studies (111 368 [32%]), with 348 014 participants, ranging from 100 39 to 131 041. 44 The study size weighted mean age of participants was 44.9 years.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association of Hypothyroidism and Clinical Depression

et al. 2021

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IMPORTANCE Hypothyroidism is considered a cause of or a strong risk factor for depression, but recent studies provide conflicting evidence regarding the existence and the extent of the association. It is also unclear whether the link is largely due to subsyndromal depression or holds true for clinical depression.OBJECTIVE To estimate the association of hypothyroidism and clinical depression in the general population.DATA SOURCES PubMed, PsycINFO, and Embase databases were searched from inception until May 2020 for studies on the association of hypothyroidism and clinical depression. STUDY SELECTION Two reviewers independently selected epidemiologic and population-based studies that provided laboratory or International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems diagnoses of hypothyroidism and diagnoses of depression according to operationalized criteria (eg, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders or International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems) or cutoffs in established rating scales.DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS Two reviewers independently extracted data and evaluated studies based on the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Summary odds ratios (OR) were calculated in random-effects meta-analyses.MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Prespecified coprimary outcomes were the association of clinical depression with either hypothyroidism or autoimmunity. RESULTSOf 4350 articles screened, 25 studies were selected for meta-analysis, including 348 014 participants. Hypothyroidism and clinical depression were associated (OR, 1.30 [95% CI, 1.08-1.57]), while the OR for autoimmunity was inconclusive (1.24 [95% CI, 0.89-1.74]). Subgroup analyses revealed a stronger association with overt than with subclinical hypothyroidism, with ORs of 1.77 (95% CI, 1.13-2.77) and 1.13 (95% CI, 1.01-1.28), respectively. Sensitivity analyses resulted in more conservative estimates. In a post hoc analysis, the association was confirmed in female individuals (OR, 1.48 [95% CI,) but not in male individuals (OR, 0.71 [95% CI, 0.40-1.25]). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCEIn this systematic review and meta-analysis, the effect size for the association between hypothyroidism and clinical depression was considerably lower than previously assumed, and the modest association was possibly restricted to overt hypothyroidism and female individuals. Autoimmunity alone may not be the driving factor in this comorbidity.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After screening 4350 articles and excluding duplicates, we reviewed 62 in full text. Of those, 25 articles were included in this study (Figure 1). Nine studies provided data on individuals with overt hypothyroidism, 17 on individuals with subclinical hypothyroidism, and 9 on individuals with thyroid autoimmunity.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Hypothyroidism and Clinical Depression

et al. 2021

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“…Table 1 displays characteristics of all studies: Three cohort (72.5% of participants) and 12 cross-sectional studies (27.5%) accounted for a total of 239,608 participants, ranging from 60 [ 41 ] in the smallest to 150,960 [ 44 ] in the largest study. Study size weighted mean age of participants was 50 years.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After exclusion of duplicates, 3372 were screened and out of those, 62 were assessed for eligibility in full text. Fifteen studies [31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45] are included in this meta-analysis (PRISMA flowchart, Fig. 1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hyperthyroidism and clinical depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2022

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Hyperthyroidism and clinical depression are common, and there is preliminary evidence of substantial comorbidity. The extent of the association in the general population, however, has not yet been estimated meta-analytically. Therefore we conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis (registered in PROSPERO: CRD42020164791). Until May 2020, Medline (via PubMed), PsycINFO, and Embase databases were systematically searched for studies on the association of hyperthyroidism and clinical depression, without language or date restrictions. Two reviewers independently selected epidemiological studies providing laboratory or ICD-based diagnoses of hyperthyroidism and diagnoses of depression according to operationalized criteria (e.g. DSM) or to cut-offs in established rating scales. All data, including study quality based on the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, were independently extracted by two authors. Odds ratios for the association of clinical depression and hyperthyroidism were calculated in a DerSimonian-Laird random-effects meta-analysis. Out of 3372 papers screened we selected 15 studies on 239 608 subjects, with 61% women and a mean age of 50. Relative to euthyroid individuals, patients with hyperthyroidism had a higher chance of being diagnosed with clinical depression: OR 1.67 ([95% CI: 1.49; 1.87], I2: 6%; prediction interval: 1.40 to 1.99), a result supported in a number of sensitivity and subgroup analyses. The OR was slightly less pronounced for subclinical as opposed to overt hyperthyroidism (1.36 [1.06; 1.74] vs. 1.70 [1.49; 1.93]). This comorbidity calls for clinical awareness and its reasons need investigation and may include neurobiological mechanisms, common genetic vulnerability and a generally heightened risk for clinical depression in patients with chronic somatic disorders.

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A Reliability Generalization Study of the Geriatric Depression Scale

Kieffer

Reese

2002

Educational and Psychological Measurement

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Depression has proven to be a serious illness in older adults that often goes untreated because it is frequently misdiagnosed or is confused with other symptom patterns. One instrument that has been consistently cited in the literature as an effective indicator of depression in older adults is the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). The present study provided a reliability generalization (RG) study of the GDS in an effort to further distill psychometric properties of the scores generated by this measure. RG, a relatively new meta-analytic reliability procedure, was used to (a) identify the typical reliability of GDS scores across studies and (b) examine sources of measurement error across studies. Results from this investigation of 338 previously published research studies indicated that the average score reliability across studies was .8482 ( SD = .0870) and that the number of items on the scale, scale SD, sample size, and participant population were the most important predictors of score reliability on this measure. Implications for the use of the GDS are offered.

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Cognitive and affective disorders in hyper- and hypothyreotic elderly patients

Cited by 4 publications

References 20 publications

Association of Hypothyroidism and Clinical Depression

Association of Hypothyroidism and Clinical Depression

Hyperthyroidism and clinical depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis

A Reliability Generalization Study of the Geriatric Depression Scale

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