Cognitive and Academic Functioning in Children With Sickle-Cell Disease

Brown, Ronald T.; Buchanan, Iris; Doepke, Karla J.; Eckman, James R.; Baldwin, Kevin; Goonan, Brian; Schoenherr, Scott J.

doi:10.1207/s15374424jccp2202_7

Cited by 92 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Indeed, our two measures of academic skills suggested that children with high-risk SCD were 6-11 standard score points behind our comparison groups while at the kindergarten to first-grade level in the education system. This degree of deficit for reading and math skills is similar to or greater than that found later in childhood (Brown et al, 1993;Fowler et al, 1988;Nabors & Freymuth, 2002;Noll et al, 2001;Swift et al, 1989;Wasserman, Wilimas, Fairclough, Mulhern, & Wang, 1991), suggesting delays in these skills may develop early in childhood rather than occurring progressively over middle childhood.…”

supporting

confidence: 66%

Language Processing Deficits in Sickle Cell Disease in Young School-Age Children

Schatz

Sanchez

Stancil

et al. 2009

Developmental Neuropsychology

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Verbal IQ deficits are frequently reported for school-age children with sickle cell disease (SCD), yet the profile of language abilities in SCD is unclear. We examined semantic, syntactic, and phonological processing in five-to-seven-year-olds at high neurologic risk based on SCD subtype (N = 33), at low neurologic risk with SCD (N = 21), and without SCD (N = 54). Low-risk SCD did not show language processing deficits. High-risk SCD showed deficits in all three language domains. Language processing deficits in SCD at the start of middle childhood are related to neurologic risks and include language skills beyond vocabulary.

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supporting

confidence: 66%

Language Processing Deficits in Sickle Cell Disease in Young School-Age Children

Schatz

Sanchez

Stancil

et al. 2009

Developmental Neuropsychology

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“…Although children with sickle cell anemia fall within the average range of intelligence, specific deficits are noted in areas such as attention, concentration, and distractibility (Brown, Buchanan, et al, 1993;Fowler et al, 1988;Swift et al, 1989). In addition, children with sickle cell anemia have significantly impaired visual-spatial abilities.…”

Section: Neurological and Neuropsychological Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is cited in the literature as visual perceptual, visual motor, perceptual organization, and nonverbal cognition (Behram & Vaughan, 1983;Swift et al, 1989;Wang et al, 1993). However, deficits in memory, processing skills, and verbal skills have been replicated less consistently (Brown, Buchanan, et al, 1993).…”

Section: Neurological and Neuropsychological Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, Eaton, Hayes, and Armstrong (1991) found that the amount of school absenteeism was not associated with grades or standardized test performance. Brown, Buchanan, et al (1993) contended that observed academic difficulties in children with sickle cell anemia are related primarily to specific health problems and socioeconomic factors. Furthermore, Fowler and colleagues (1988) found that children afflicted with sickle cell anemia, when compared to nonafflicted matched peers, demonstrated significantly lower achievement scores in areas such as reading and spelling.…”

Section: Psychoeducational Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cultural Therapeutic Awareness and Sickle Cell Anemia

Scott

1999

Journal of Black Psychology

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Sickle cell anemia is a hereditary blood disorder in which abnormal red blood cells damage the cerebrovascular system as well as organs such as the liver and spleen. Children with sickle cell anemia manifest high mortality rates, depression, pain, strokes, and social maladjustment. Interventions often challenge the family's beliefs and attitudes. A cognitive behavioral approach, the Health Belief Model, was offered as a strategic option in working with African American clients diagnosed with sickle cell anemia. Two descriptive case studies were presented. Whereas one case illustrated a lack of a coordinated system of care, the other demonstrated the effectiveness of a multidisciplinary system of services. The purpose of this article is to present a brief description of the medical, neurological, and psychoeducational problems caused by sickle cell anemia and to suggest that services be provided by culturally competent, systems-oriented professionals.

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“…This literature indicates various effects related to the disease, including elevated rates of neurocognitive deficits (Armstrong et al, 1996;Schatz et al, 2002), academic or learning difficulties (Armstrong et al, 1996;Schatz et al, 2001, Schatz, 2004a, externalizing behavior disorders (Thompson et al, 2003) and depressive symptoms (Key et al, 2001). Specific cognitive deficits documented in middle childhood include sustained and selective attention, processing speed, working memory, and verbal ability (Bernaudin et al, 2000;Brandling-Bennett et al, 2003;Brown et al, 1993;Noll et al, 2001;Schatz et al, 2002Schatz et al, , 2004bSteen et al, 2005). There have been a few attempts to characterize the early development of children with SCD to better understand the pathways toward or away from these negative outcomes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurobehavioral impact of sickle cell disease in early childhood

Schatz

Roberts

2007

J Int Neuropsychol Soc

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The physical effects of sickle cell disease (SCD) begin in infancy or early childhood, yet most behavioral studies have focused on school-age children. We evaluated the impact of higher versus lower neurologic risk on language, motor abilities, executive functions, and temperament in toddlers and early preschoolers with SCD. Thirty-nine children with higher risk SCD were compared to 22 children with lower risk SCD. Language and motor abilities were lower in older compared with younger children but were unrelated to sickle cell subgroups. Executive functions, particularly working memory, were poorer in children with higher risk SCD regardless of age. Parent-reported activity level was also lower in children with higher risk. Specific behavioral influences of SCD are evident early in childhood and include working memory decrements. Executive function deficits in SCD can emerge early in life and may be an important context for other areas of cognitive and behavioral development.

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Cognitive and Academic Functioning in Children With Sickle-Cell Disease

Cited by 92 publications

References 31 publications

Language Processing Deficits in Sickle Cell Disease in Young School-Age Children

Language Processing Deficits in Sickle Cell Disease in Young School-Age Children

Cultural Therapeutic Awareness and Sickle Cell Anemia

Neurobehavioral impact of sickle cell disease in early childhood

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