Cognitions associated with nurse performance: A comparison of concurrent and retrospective verbal reports of nurse performance in a simulated task environment

Method for investigating nursing behaviors related to isolation care

“…The idea for this combination of study techniques came from the literature. Whyte et al 19 successfully used concurrent and retrospective verbal reports to evaluate prioritization and provision of care for patients with congestive heart failure using simulation, but they did not specifically score or evaluate certain clinical behaviors within the simulation. In our study the verbal reports were not collected concurrently, but instead as the video of the nurse's performance were reviewed.…”

Effect of expertise on diagnosis accuracy, non-technical skills and thought processes during simulated high-fidelity anaesthetist scenarios

“…Participants were instructed in a think-aloud verbal reporting method by Ericsson and Simon17 that has been used previously in sport, law enforcement and medicine 19 20 24. Participants practised giving verbal reports while solving non-clinical alphanumerical problems until the criterion for providing concurrent verbal reports was met.…”

“…The practice trail required them to check the equipment and conduct an objective assessment of the patient. Concurrent verbal reports were selected as they provide a more complete cognitive representation of performance within the STE, compared to retrospective reports 19. Following their practice trial, participants were given an opportunity to ask further questions prior to the experimental scenarios and further feedback were provided.…”

“…Therefore, they suggested that the cognitive processes mediating task performance do not alter, allowing researchers to make inferences about performance based on verbalised cognitions (see Ericsson and Simon17 for a more detailed theoretical rationale). Furthermore, Whyte et al 19 reported that concurrent think-aloud verbal reports provide more complete representations of nurse's cognitions when admitting a patient suffering from an acute exacerbation of congestive heart failure to a simulated intensive care unit.…”

High-Fidelity Simulation: How Are We Using the Videos?

“…This level of rigor enables the authors to statistically estimate skill performance, in order either to compare group performance (see Arnold et al, 2009, andWhyte et al, 2010) or to determine changes over time as a result of the simulation experience (see Shephard, McCunnis, Brown, & Hair, 2009) and is more typical of health professional and medical or graduate nursing education than of undergraduate nursing education. Some authors used secondary analysis of the video recordings to determine needed curriculum improvements, particularly for nursing and medical staff and/or medical resident and nursing students (Anderson et al, 2006;Daniels et al, 2008).…”