Cogenesis of LIGO primordial black holes and dark matter

Abstract

In this letter, we propose a novel scenario which simultaneously explains O(10)M primordial black holes (PBHs) and dark matter in the minimally supersymmetric standard model. Gravitational waves (GWs) events detected by LIGO-Virgo collaboration suggest an existence of black holes as heavy as ∼ 30M . In our scenario, as seeds of the PBHs, we make use of the baryon number perturbations which are induced by the special type of Affleck-Dine mechanism. Furthermore, the scenario does not suffer from the stringent constraints from CMB µ-distortion due to the Silk damping and pulsar timing. We find the scenario can explain not only the current GWs events consistently, but also dark matter abundance by the non-topological solitons formed after Affleck-Dine mechanism, called Q-balls.

Formation of supermassive primordial black holes by Affleck-Dine mechanism

“…In this section, we briefly review the generation of inhomogeneous baryon asymmetry and high baryon bubbles (HBBs) based on [37,38].…”

“…(For another example, see [36].) Recently, Hasegawa and one of authors [37,38] showed that the inhomogeneous Affleck-Dine baryogenesis is realized in the framework of the minimal supersymmetric standard model (MSSM) and it produce high baryoin bubbles (HBBs) which is regions with high baryon-to-entropy ratio η b . Those HBBs collapse into PBHs with masses 10M that explain the LIGO gravitational wave events.…”

Primordial Black Holes from QCD Axion Bubbles

“…The axion bubble is analogous to the high baryon bubble in inhomogeneous Affleck-Dine baryogenesis [21,23,24]. The axion bubbles are formed when the transient PQ breaking turns on and the axion field is dynamically set at the nearest minimum, well before the QCD phase transition.…”

“…The PBH formation in the Affleck-Dine mechanism was studied in Refs. [21][22][23][24][25]. In this case, large inhomogeneity of the Affleck-Dine field is realized by the inflationary fluctuation and nontrivial post-inflationary dynamics in the presence of the multiple vacua.…”

“…After the QCD phase transition, the baryon density becomes significant in the high baryon bubbles, some of which collapse into PBHs if a certain criterion is met. Since the PBH formation occurs after the QCD transition, the PBH mass is heavier than O(M ), and thus it can potentially explain the LIGO/Virgo events [22][23][24]26] or seeds of SMBHs [25]. In addition, the PBH formation from the QCD axion with an alternative setup was studied in [27], in which the PQ symmetry is broken after inflation.…”