Coffee Consumption and the Risk of All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality in the Korean Population

Kim, Seong-Ah; Tan, Li-Juan; Shin, Sangah

doi:10.1016/j.jand.2021.03.014

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Many studies have demonstrated a beneficial effect of moderate coffee consumption on the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality ( 1 , 8 , 27 – 29 ). But the effects of caffeine and coffee cannot be viewed on the same level.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of caffeine intake with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in elderly patients with hypertension

Chen

Gao

et al. 2022

Front. Nutr.

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BackgroundCaffeine is widely consumed not only in coffee but also in soft drinks and tea. However, the long-term health effects of caffeine are still controversial, especially in people with high cardiovascular risk such as elderly patients with hypertension.MethodsThis study analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003–2018. Caffeine intake was calculated by two 24-h dietary recall interviews. Complex sampling-weighted multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to compare the hazard ratios (HRs) of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in elderly hypertensive patients with different caffeine intake (<10, 10 to <100, 100 to <200, 200 to <300, and ≥300 mg/day).ResultsThis study included 6,076 elderly hypertensive patients. The mean ± standard error follow-up duration was 6.86 ± 0.12 years. During this period, a total of 2,200 all-cause deaths occurred, of which 765 were cardiovascular deaths. Taking patients with caffeine intake < 10 mg/day as a reference, patients with moderate caffeine intake (200 to <300 mg/day) had a lower risk of all-cause (HR, 0.70 [95% CI, 0.56–0.87]) and cardiovascular (HR, 0.55 [95% CI, 0.39–0.77]) mortality. The benefit of reducing all-cause mortality risk was significant in female patients (HR, 0.65 [95% CI, 0.50–0.85]) or patients with well-controlled blood pressure (HR, 0.63 [95% CI, 0.46–0.87]), but not in male patients or patients with poorly controlled blood pressure. In addition, non-linear relationship analysis also showed that moderate caffeine intake had the lowest HRs of all-cause (Non-linear p = 0.022) and cardiovascular mortality (Non-linear p = 0.032) in the present study.ConclusionModerate caffeine intake is associated with reduced risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in elderly hypertensive patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of caffeine intake with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in elderly patients with hypertension

Chen

Gao

et al. 2022

Front. Nutr.

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“…Traditionally, people have been advised to reduce their coffee, tea and caffeine intake because it may increase some indicators which were harmful to physical health, such as blood pressure, total cholesterol, and triglycerides (8). However, several studies have found that chronic coffee consumption, tea consumption and caffeine intake could reduce the risk of CVD death through anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, lower blood sugar and fat functions (9)(10)(11), but these studies excluded the patients with CVD in their population selection. To the best of our knowledge, few studies in recent years have focused on the relationship of coffee, tea, caffeine intake and death in patients diagnosed with CVD, and these results remained controversial.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Coffee, Tea, and Caffeine Consumption With All-Cause Risk and Specific Mortality for Cardiovascular Disease Patients

et al. 2022

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AimThe aim of the study was to examine the relationship between coffee, tea, caffeine consumption and risk of all-cause death and cardiovascular disease (CVD) death in CVD population.MethodsThis cohort study included 626 CVD participants aged ≥18 years old who derived from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) database 2003–2006. The end time of follow-up was 2015, and with a median follow-up time of 113.5 (63, 133) months. CVD death was defined as a death caused by congestive heart failure (CHF), coronary heart disease (CHD), angina pectoris, heart attack or stroke. Cox model and competitive-risk model were used to explore the relationship of coffee, tea, caffeine, decaffeinated coffee/tea on the risk of the all-cause death and CVD death for CVD population, respectively. Additionally, we explored the effect of urinary caffeine and caffeine metabolites on all-cause death.ResultsAll patients were divided into survival group (n = 304), non-CVD death group (n = 223), and CVD death group (n = 99). The incidence of all-cause death and CVD death was ~51.44 and 15.81% in the study. After adjusting age, body mass index (BMI), cancer, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), energy, the history of CVD medications, carbohydrate and family income to poverty ratio (PIR), the results suggested coffee, caffeine, iced tea and hot tea consumption (≥4 cups per day) were associated with an increased risk of the all-cause death in CVD patients; while hot tea (1–3 cups per day), decaffeinated coffee/iced tea/hot tea could reduce the risk of the all-cause death. Likewise, coffee, caffeine, iced tea (≥4 cups per day), hot tea, decaffeinated iced tea/ hot tea (Always) could enhance the risk of the CVD death in CVD population. We also found that 1-methylxanthine showed a significant positive association on the risk of all-cause death in CVD population.ConclusionOur study indicated that higher consumption of coffee, tea and caffeine could increase the risk of all-cause and CVD death for CVD patients.

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“…More than 65% of Korean adults drink coffee every day. The proportion of Koreans drinking coffee tends to increase at least one time a day, especially in the middle-aged group (40-59 years old) and older to the elderly (60 years and older) people (Kim, Tan, & Shin, 2021).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indonesia’s Economic Diplomacy to South Korea in Increasing Coffee Exports in 2016 – 2021

Pertiwi,

Darmastuti,

Yudhono

2024

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As a coffee-producing country, Indonesia needs help exporting its coffee to South Korea, which has high coffee consumption. It causes the value and volume of Indonesian coffee exports to fall below expectations. This research aims to discuss the export of Indonesian coffee to South Korea by using international trade theory and the concept of economic diplomacy. This study uses descriptive qualitative methods with primary data from semi-structured interviews, while secondary data is obtained from documents and literature related to data collection collected from January – April 2023. The results of this study are economic diplomacy carried out to maximize Indonesian coffee exports in 2016 – 2021, consisting of business matching, coffeeversation, the Seoul coffee expo and Seoul café show, and the role of government and private actors. These efforts significantly increased the value and volume of Indonesian coffee exports to South Korea the following year.

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Coffee Consumption and the Risk of All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality in the Korean Population

Cited by 8 publications

References 32 publications

Association of caffeine intake with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in elderly patients with hypertension

Association of caffeine intake with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in elderly patients with hypertension

Association of Coffee, Tea, and Caffeine Consumption With All-Cause Risk and Specific Mortality for Cardiovascular Disease Patients

Indonesia’s Economic Diplomacy to South Korea in Increasing Coffee Exports in 2016 – 2021

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