Coffee, Caffeine, and Health Outcomes: An Umbrella Review

Grosso, Giuseppe; Godos, Justyna; Giovannucci, Edward

doi:10.1146/annurev-nutr-071816-064941

Cited by 377 publications

(276 citation statements)

References 151 publications

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“…For instance, although an umbrella analysis conducted by Grosso et al (12) reported that coffee and caffeine intake are typically associated with health benefits in adults, findings from the current study showed that high caffeine consumption was (at least at the cross-sectional level) associated with low general health, and that caffeine intake from coffee was not associated with health at all. The observation that caffeine consumed from cola and energy drinks appeared to explain the negative associations is also in line with the findings of a recent review article by Visram et al (36).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 80%

“…In addition to the above, a recent umbrella review of 91 meta-analyses (12) determined that coffee and caffeine intake are generally associated with health benefits in adults, although there were some exceptions to this rule, such as increased risks of low birth weight, pregnancy loss, and childhood leukemia. This review noted that coffee consumption was associated with probable decreases in risk of breast, colorectal, endometrial, and prostate cancers, cardiovascular disease, Parkinson’s disease, and type-2 diabetes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Caffeine Consumption and General Health in Secondary School Children: A Cross-sectional and Longitudinal Analysis

Richards

Smith

2016

Front. Nutr.

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Although caffeine is sometimes associated with beneficial effects in adults, the substance may be dangerous if intake is too high. This concern is particularly relevant in regards to children and adolescents, as consumption of energy drinks may be particularly high in such populations. For this reason, the current study examined data from the Cornish Academies Project to determine whether caffeine intake in secondary school children was related to responses to a single-item measure of general health. Two cross-sections of data were available: questionnaires were completed by 2030 at baseline, by 2307 at 6-month follow-up, and by 1660 at both time-points. Relationships were, therefore, explored both cross-sectionally and longitudinally. High caffeine consumption (i.e., 1000 mg/week) was associated with low general health in both cross-sections of data, and analyses of individual caffeine sources suggested that the effects related specifically to cola and energy drinks. However, after controlling for additional aspects of diet, demography, and lifestyle, total weekly intake only remained significantly associated with general health at the latter time-point. Further to this, null findings from cross-lag and change-score analyses suggest that caffeine and general health were unlikely to be causally linked in this sample. However, due to methodological limitations, such as the two cross-sections of data being collected only 6 months apart, it is suggested that further longitudinal and intervention studies are required in order for firm conclusions to be drawn.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 80%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Caffeine Consumption and General Health in Secondary School Children: A Cross-sectional and Longitudinal Analysis

Richards

Smith

2016

Front. Nutr.

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“…On the other hand, coffee is rich in bioactive substances, such as phenolic compounds and minerals with a wide range of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects [3,4], which can improve insulin resistance and glucose metabolism [3]. Many epidemiological studies have shown that coffee consumption decreases the incidence of major causes of death such as heart disease, type 2 diabetes and several types of cancer [3,4,5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many epidemiological studies have shown that coffee consumption decreases the incidence of major causes of death such as heart disease, type 2 diabetes and several types of cancer [3,4,5,6]. Coffee consumption also decreases the risk of neurological and mental illnesses, such as Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s diseases [4,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coffee Drinking and Associated Factors in an Elderly Population in Spain

Torres-Collado

Hera

Navarrete-Muñoz

et al. 2018

IJERPH

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Coffee consumption is highly prevalent worldwide, and many studies have reported positive and inverse associations of coffee with many diseases. However, factors associated with coffee consumption remain poorly characterized in some populations, such as the elderly. This study aimed to assess the factors associated with total, caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee consumption in an elderly population in Spain. Data were analyzed from 903 participants, aged 65 years and above, from two population-based studies carried out in the Valencia region in Spain (Valencia Nutritional Survey (VNS) and European Eye Study (EUREYE-Study). Total, caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee consumption was assessed through two specific questions using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Information on personal characteristics, anthropometry and lifestyles was collected in personal interviews. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the adjusted relative risk ratios (RRR) and confidence intervals (95% CI). The prevalence of total, caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee consumption was 70%, 38% and 32%, respectively. The consumption of caffeinated coffee was positively associated with: Educational level, RRR = 1.63 (1.09–2.44); body mass index (≥30), RRR = 2.03 (1.05–3.95); tobacco smoking, RRR = 1.96 (1.13–3.39); alcohol intake [≥12 g/day category intake vs. no-alcohol intake, RRR = 6.25 (3.56–10.95)]; and energy intake (p < 0.05). Consumption of caffeinated coffee was negatively associated with: Age (≥75 years), RRR = 0.64 (0.43–0.94); and pre-existing hypertension, RRR = 0.67 (0.45–0.98). The consumption of decaffeinated coffee was positively associated with: Alcohol intake, RRR = 2.63 (1.19–4.64); pre-existing diabetes, RRR = 1.67 (1.06–2.62); and energy intake (p < 0.01). The consumption of coffee is high among elderly people in Spain. It is a novelty in this study with elderly population that tobacco smoking and alcohol drinking were the two main factors associated with higher coffee consumption. Self-reported hypertension was associated with a lower consumption of caffeinated coffee, and pre-existing diabetes was associated with a higher consumption of decaffeinated coffee. These associations should be taken into account when the health effects of coffee consumption are investigated.

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“…These conclusions are similar to those of a recent comprehensive systematic review of the adverse effects of caffeine consumption 3 and to those of an independent umbrella review of coffee intake. 4 Does coffee prevent chronic disease and reduce mortality? We simply do not know.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%