Coffee-Associated Endophytes: Plant Growth Promotion and Crop Protection

Abstract

Endophytic microbes are a ubiquitous group of plant-associated communities that colonize the intercellular or intracellular host tissues while providing numerous beneficial effects to the plants. All the plant species are thought to be associated with endophytes, majorly constituted with bacteria and fungi. During the last two decades, there has been a considerable movement toward the study of endophytes associated with coffee plants. In this review, the main consideration is given to address the coffee-associated endophytic bacteria and fungi, particularly their action on plant growth promotion and the biocontrol of pests. In addition, we sought to identify and analyze the gaps in the available research. Additionally, the potential of endophytes to improve the quality of coffee seeds is briefly discussed. Even though there are limited studies on the subject, the potentiality of coffee endophytes in plant growth promotion through enhancing nitrogen fixation, availability of minerals, nutrient absorption, secretion of phytohormones, and other bioactive metabolites has been well recognized. Further, the antagonistic effect against various coffee pathogenic bacteria, fungi, nematodes, and also insect pests leads to the protection of the crop. Furthermore, it is recognized that endophytes enhance the sensory characteristics of coffee as a new field of study.

Exploring the Soil-Associated Bacterial Microbiome of Coffee Plantations in Different Regions of Colombia: A Metabarcoding Approach

“…Water absorption, resistance to adverse conditions, and the ability to inhibit pathogenic fungi could prevent soil diseases and directly affect coffee productivity. The selective suppression of pathogens the microbial communities could contribute to the overall health of the plants and, therefore, to an increase in the productivity of coffee beans (Souza et al, 2015;Glick, 2012;Abdelaal et al al., 2021;Urgiles-Gómez et al, 2021;Asad et al, 2023).…”

Diversity and Advantages of Culturable Endophytic Fungi from Tea (Camellia sinensis)

“…These isolates belong to the phylum Ascomycota, with a predominant presence of two classes Sordariomycetes and Dothideomycetes. The Phylum Ascomycota, particularly the Sordariomycetes and Dothideomycetes classes, is widely recognized as the most common representative of endophytic fungi communities in tea [32] and all types of plants, such as Mangrove (Rhizohora mucronate [12]), coffee trees (Coffea arabica L. and Coffea canephora L. [44]), Vinca rosea (Catharanthus riseos [45]), Orchid (Guarianthe skinneri [46]), and beach vitex (Vitex rotundifolia [47]).…”

“…The authors of [20] suggested that the fungal endophytes in their study assisted medical plants under abiotic stress conditions by producing and accumulating some highly coveted secondary metabolites. Since, secondary metabolite production in fungi might depend on their host species and on environmental conditions [9,15,44], there is a possibility that an imbalance in the conventional system affects the secondary metabolite production of fungal endophytes. All the fungal endophytes that demonstrated antifungal activity were obtained from host plants in the conventional system.…”

KARAKTERISASI DAN POTENSI BAKTERI ENDOFIT AKAR KOPI (Coffea sp) SEBAGAI PENGHASIL INDOLE ACETIC ACID (IAA)

“…Sistem budidaya kopi di lahan Agroforestry seringkali ditemukan terintegrasi dengan sistem pertanian lain yaitu tanaman lain yang ditanam bersamaan dengan komoditas pertanian kopi. Metode tradisional yang masih dilakukan oleh petani kopi adalah masih penggunaan pestisida dan pupuk sintetik untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan dalam budidaya tanaman kopi namun penggunaannya dapat merugikan bagi mikroba dan menyebabkan pencemaran tanah ( Narango et al, 2019;Siles et al, 2022;Asad et al, 2023;Purba et al, 2023).…”

“…Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan pertanian yang berkelanjutan supaya dapat memenuhi kebutuhan dan melestarikan sumber daya alam. Upaya yang terus dilakukan adalah dengan meminimalkan penggunaan pupuk hayati yang mendukung pertanian berkelanjutan (Duguma et al, 2019;Siles et al, 2022;Adeleke et al, 2021;Asad et al, 2023;Purba et al, 2023;) Bakteri endofit diketahui mampu menghasilkan IAA (Indole acetic acid) yaitu fitohormon yang dapat mempercepat pertumbuhan tanaman (Purba et al, 2023). Penelitian (Pratiwi et al, 2020) memperoleh Bacillus cereus ATCC 14579, yaitu bakteri endofit dari akar tanaman kopi Robusta dan Kopi Arabika yang memiliki potensi penghasil hormon IAA (indole acetic acid) untuk memicu pertumbuhan tanaman kopi.…”