Coexistence of tet (X4), mcr-1 , and bla _NDM-5 in ST6775 Escherichia coli Isolates of Animal Origin in China

Abstract

Tigecycline and colistin are regarded as vital antimicrobials to treat multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infections, such as that caused by carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE). Cooccurrence of mobile resistance genes conferring resistance to last-resort antimicrobials in E. coli remains unknown.

The Prevalence of Plasmid-Mediated Colistin Resistance Gene mcr-1 and Different Transferability and Fitness of mcr-1 -Bearing IncX4 Plasmids in Escherichia coli from Pigeons

“…1a ). Three isolates (PT62, PT76, and PT77) coharboring mcr-1 , tet (X4), and bla NDM-1 were also acquired from this pigeon farm, and we had reported this previously ( 16 ). Isolate LP5-1 was very closely related to these three isolates and belonged to ST6775 ( Fig.…”

Rapid detection of multiple resistance genes to last-resort antibiotics in Enterobacteriaceae pathogens by recombinase polymerase amplification combined with lateral flow dipstick

“…Colistin, carbapenems and tigecycline are considered last-resort antibiotics for defense against MDR bacterial infections ( Tang et al, 2021 ). However, these antibiotics become less effective because their respective predominant resistance genes, mcr , bla NDM and tet(X) , emerge and spread in animals, food and humans ( Singh et al, 2018 ; Zhong et al, 2019 ; Anyanwu et al, 2022 ; Lu et al, 2022 ; Zhang et al, 2022 ). Among these last-resort antibiotics, colistin was heavily used in food-producing animal industries in China for a long period of time until it was banned as a growth promoter in 2017 ( Walsh and Wu, 2016 ).…”

“…Among the currently available antibiotics, carbapenems, colistin as well as tigecycline are last-resort antibiotics for managing MDR bacterial infections, especially those caused by Enterobacteriaceae ( Tang et al, 2021 ). Unfortunately, the worrying emergence of the predominantly plasmid-borne colistin resistance gene mcr-1 , carbapenem resistance gene bla NDM-1 as well as tigecycline resistance gene tet(X4) in Enterobacteriaceae pathogens from different sources, such as animals, food and humans, has increasingly been reported in different continents ( Singh et al, 2018 ; Zhong et al, 2019 ; Anyanwu et al, 2022 ; Lu et al, 2022 ; Zhang et al, 2022 ). Additionally, tet(X) genes have regularly been reported to coexist with bla NDM-1 and/or mcr-1 genes ( Chen et al, 2019 ; Sun C. et al, 2019 ), and such plasmid-borne antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are capable of transferring between epidemic strains of Enterobacteriaceae ( Leshaba et al, 2022 ).…”

Genetic characteristic of coexisting of mcr-1 and blaNDM-5 in Escherichia coli isolates from lesion-bearing animal organs

“…Subsequently, a few strains with mcr-1 gene on the chromosome were reported, while those with coexisting chromosomal mcr-1 gene and plasmid-bearing bla NDM-5 gene were rare. The sources were also mainly from human blood, ascites, stool and animal feces ( Yu et al, 2016 ; Ho et al, 2018 ; Shen et al, 2018 ; Lu et al, 2022 ). Two MNPEC strains were isolated in this study, one from the liver of chickens with colibacillosis and the other from uterine lavage fluid of dairy cows with endometritis.…”