Coexistence of giant blue nevus of the scalp with hair loss and alopecia areata

Abstract

A 43-year-old Japanese man presented with a 13-year history of a grayish macule measuring 7 cm in diameter with sparse hairs on the vertex. Histopathological examination demonstrated two types of melanocytes, spindle-shaped and ovoid cells, with abundant melanin aggregated around the upper part of the pilosebaceous apparatus. Fibrous, thick collagen bundles were also seen surrounding the upper part of the small hair follicles. There was no infiltration of melanocytes or lymphocytes in the lower dermis or adipose tissue. Based on these findings, a diagnosis of blue nevus, cellular type, was made. Giant cellular blue nevi on the scalp are rare, and 11 cases reported in the published work have shown characteristic features such as hair loss and cranial invasion of nevus cells. It should be noted that melanocytes of giant blue nevi have a high potential to damage other organs such as underlying bone and hair follicles. The patient also showed a typical lesion of alopecia areata on the left temporal which was successfully treated with topical corticosteroid.

Perinevoid Alopecia: Report of Two Cases and Literature Review

“…3 Various pigmented nevi in 14 cases from 11 studies were found (Table 1), including intradermal nevi (n=5), compound nevi (n=2), blue nevi (n=3), etc. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] A blue nevus and a melanocytic nevus were observed in our cases. It seems PA may affect more males than females.…”

“…A dark red neoplasm Two patches of baldness: 1. on the occipital scalp for 2 months 2. on the neck area / Type of nevus: a intradermal naevus; Inflammatory cell infiltration: hair follicle(+) Intradermal nevi; alopecia areata; perinevoid alopecia Excision Hair regrowth Ma Xiaolei 8 M/38 A congenital pigmented nevus A patch of alopecia: on the scalp; delicate hair regrowth / Type of nevus: a intradermal naevus. Inflammatory cell infiltration: hair follicle(+) Congenital pigmented nevus; alopecia areata Intralesional steroid injections, topical corticosteroids, etc Follow up Machado 9 M/19 A pigmented nevus A patch of alopecia: on the occiput Compatible with alopecia areata / Perinevoid alopecia Unknown / Pu Xiongming 10 M/32 A pigmented nevus A patch of alopecia: on the occipital scalp / / Alopecia areata Excision; intralesional steroid injections; hair tonic Hair regrowth Pu Xiongming 10 M/46 A pigmented nevus A patch of alopecia: on the right side of the vertex / / Alopecia areata Excision; intralesional steroid injections; hair tonic No hair regrowth Takeichi 11 M/43 A blue-gray macule with sparse hairs on the right vertex Two patches of baldness: 1. on the right vertex 2. on the left temporal region / …”

Coexistence of Congenital Giant Melanocytic Nevus of the Scalp with Cranial Defect, Poliosis, and Hair Loss

“…In a review of the literature, there have been approximately nine previous reports of cellular blue nevus on the scalp that invaded the cranium or brain , but there has been only one report of congenital melanocytic nevus (CMN) associated with underlying cranial involvement , and the pathogenesis of the cranial defect in a CMN is unclear. GCMN of the scalp in our case could be more destructive than when located at other sites.…”

“…Hair loss associated with a nevus on the scalp is uncommon. Cellular blue nevus on the scalp was occasionally described with accompanying alopecia . To our knowledge, this is the first case of a GCMN of the scalp associated with alopecia.…”