Coexistence of fibrotic and chondrogenic process in the capsule of idiopathic frozen shoulders

et al. 2012

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

Joint immobilization, which is used in orthopaedic treatments and observed in bedridden people, usually causes restricted joint motion. Decreased joint motion diminishes activities of daily living and increases burden of nursing-care. The purpose of this study was to clarify the reversibility of immobilization-induced capsular changes and restricted joint motion in rat knee joints. The unilateral knee joints of adult male rats were immobilized with an internal fixator for 1, 2, 4, 8, and 16 weeks as a model of immobilization after surgery or disuse of the joint. After the fixation devices were removed, the rats were allowed to move freely for 16 weeks. Sham-operated rats were used as controls. Sagittal sections at medial midcondylar regions were made and assessed with histological, histomorphometric, and immunohistochemical methods. Joint motion was measured using a custom-made device under x-ray control after removal of the periarticular muscles. In the 1/16-week and 2/16-week immobilization-remobilization (Im-Rm) groups, cord-like structures connecting the superior and inferior portions of the posterior capsule (partial adhesion) were observed without restricted joint motion. In the 4/16-, 8/16-, and 16/16-week Im-Rm groups, global adhesion of the posterior capsule and restricted joint motion were observed. The restricted joint motion was not completely restored after incision of the posterior capsule. These data indicate that immobilization alone causes irreversible capsular changes and arthrogenic restricted joint motion. Besides the joint capsule, other arthrogenic factors such as ligaments might influence the restricted joint motion. Prolonged immobilization over 4 weeks should be avoided to prevent irreversible joint contracture.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Remobilization Does Not Restore Immobilization-Induced Adhesion of Capsule and Restricted Joint Motion in Rat Knee Joints

Andõ

Suda

et al. 2012

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

“…It was difficult to know the precise mechanism of worse prognosis in diabetes mellitus, but excessive glucose concentration might lead to a faster rate of collagen glycosylation and cross-linking of collagens, which might restrict the shoulder motion [21]. Further, a recent study indicated that chondrogenic changes of the capsule were observed in patients with recalcitrant idiopathic frozen shoulder [22]. Therefore, the association between recalcitrant idiopathic frozen shoulder and cross-linking and the chondrogenic process of the capsule must be examined in a future study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of prognostic factors for the nonoperative treatment of stiff shoulder

Andõ

Sugaya

International Orthopaedics (SICOT)

et al. 2013

Purpose This study evaluated prognostic factors for the nonoperative treatment of stiff shoulder. Methods Between June 2005 and May 2010, 497 stiff shoulders treated at our institute were included in this study. Multivariable analysis for recovery with Cox proportional hazard model was performed. The chief determining variable was pathogenesis (idiopathic, diabetic, post-traumatic) and confounding variables were age (49 or less, 50-59, 60 and above), sex, onset to visit interval (three months or less, four months or more), and external rotation (under 0°, 0°or more) or forward flexion (less than 90°, 90°or more) or internal rotation on the first visit. Results There were 356 idiopathic, 61 diabetic, and 80 posttraumatic stiff shoulders. Hazard ratio (HR) and 95 % confidence interval (CI) for recovery (lower HR means poor prognosis) was 0.54 (0.36-0.96) in the diabetic group (p=0.007), and 0.92 (0.67-1.25) in the post-traumatic group (p=0.58) compared with the idiopathic group. A positive correlation was observed in ages of 60 or over (HR 1.46, 95 % CI 0.86-1.65, p-value 0.02) and external rotation under 0°on the first visit (0.71, 0.53-0.96, 0.03). No correlations were observed in sex (p=0.78) or onset to visit interval (p=0.99). Similar results were obtained when forward flexion or internal rotation was used as a confounding variable. Conclusions Diabetes mellitus and severely restricted joint motion on the first visit were poor prognostic factors and ages of 60 or over was a better prognostic factor.

“…After treatment with DNase I (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA), RNA was amplified using the Amino Allyl MessageAmp II aRNA Amplification kit (Ambion, Austin, TX, USA) and labeled with Cy3 and Cy5, then hybridized to a whole Human Genome Microarray 4 × 44 K (Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA, USA) at 65°C for 17 h (Yamayoshi et al 2012). The array was scanned with GenePix 4000B (Molecular Devices, Downingtown, PA, USA), and the scanned image was analyzed with GenePix Pro 6 software (Molecular Devices) (Hagiwara et al 2012). To obtain gene expression profiles, probes for which the average expression level was upregulated (> 3.0 times) or downregulated (< 1/3 times) in satellite cells from the SSP muscle were compared with those from the SSC muscle (Hagiwara et al 2012;Yabe et al 2015).…”

Section: Dna Microarraymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The array was scanned with GenePix 4000B (Molecular Devices, Downingtown, PA, USA), and the scanned image was analyzed with GenePix Pro 6 software (Molecular Devices) (Hagiwara et al 2012). To obtain gene expression profiles, probes for which the average expression level was upregulated (> 3.0 times) or downregulated (< 1/3 times) in satellite cells from the SSP muscle were compared with those from the SSC muscle (Hagiwara et al 2012;Yabe et al 2015).…”

Section: Dna Microarraymentioning

confidence: 99%

Retained Myogenic Potency of Human Satellite Cells from Torn Rotator Cuff Muscles Despite Fatty Infiltration

Koide

Tsuchiya

et al. 2018

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

Rotator cuff tears (RCTs) are a common shoulder problem in the elderly that can lead to both muscle atrophy and fatty infiltration due to less physical load. Satellite cells, quiescent cells under the basal lamina of skeletal muscle fibers, play a major role in muscle regeneration. However, the myogenic potency of human satellite cells in muscles with fatty infiltration is unclear due to the difficulty in isolating from small samples, and the mechanism of the progression of fatty infiltration has not been elucidated. The purpose of this study was to analyze the population of myogenic and adipogenic cells in disused supraspinatus (SSP) and intact subscapularis (SSC) muscles of the RCTs from the same patients using fluorescenceactivated cell sorting. The microstructure of the muscle with fatty infiltration was observed as a whole mount condition under multi-photon microscopy. Myogenic differentiation potential and gene expression were evaluated in satellite cells. The results showed that the SSP muscle with greater fatty infiltration surrounded by collagen fibers compared with the SSC muscle under multi-photon microscopy. A positive correlation was observed between the ratio of muscle volume to fat volume and the ratio of myogenic precursor to adipogenic precursor. Although no difference was observed in the myogenic potential between the two groups in cell culture, satellite cells in the disused SSP muscle showed higher intrinsic myogenic gene expression than those in the intact SSC muscle. Our results indicate that satellite cells from the disused SSP retain sufficient potential of muscle growth despite the fatty infiltration.