Abstract. The structural and magnetic properties of Nd 0.5 Ca 0.5-x Sr x MnO 3 (0.0≤x≤0.5) were investigated experimentally. All our samples were synthesized using the standard ceramic elaborating method at high temperatures. X-ray diffraction was systematically carried out on Nd 0.5 Ca 0.5-x Sr x MnO 3 polycrystalline compounds. All our samples crystallized in the orthorhombic system. The unit cell volume increased with increasing strontium amount. The substitution of Ca by Sr destroyed the charge order state observed in the parent compound and induced a ferromagnetic phase at low temperatures. The Curie temperature T C increased from 150 K for x=0.1 to 260 K for x=0.5.
IntroductionOver the last fifteen years, perovskite manganese oxides, Ln 1-x A x MnO 3 (Ln=La, Nd, Pr, Sm,... and A=Ca, Sr, Ba, Pb,...) have known considerable attention due to the wide range of crystallographic, magnetic and magneto-transport properties they exhibit [1][2][3]. With strategic substitution of divalent ions at the A site, some of the Mn 3+ ions (3d 3 , t 3 2g e g 1 ) convert into Mn 4+ ions (3d 3 ,t 3 2g e g 0 ) [4], resulting in fascinating physical phenomena such as paramagnetic (PM) insulator to ferromagnetic (FM) metallic transition or various mixed magnetic phases canted antiferromagnetic (AFM)/spin glass (SG) coupled with charge/orbital ordered (CO/OO) states in a particular doping range. The physical properties in manganese perovskites are thought to arise from the strong competition among a ferromagnetic double-exchange interaction, an antiferromagnetic super-exchange interaction and the spin-phonon coupling [5][6][7]. These interactions are determined by intrinsic parameters such as doping level, average cationic size, cationic disorder and oxygen stoichiometry [8].Recently, extensive studies have been focused on the charge ordering (CO) and orbital ordering (OO) phase, which is most easily observed in half-doped x = 0.5 manganites [9]. The spatial CO phase behaves as the periodic arrangement of Mn 3+ /Mn 4+ ions. Generally, the CO formation is accompanied by an antiferromagnetic (AFM) phase transition. The ground state, therefore, is usually assigned to be CO/AFM state. Though the origin of the CO phase is still subject of debate, it is extensively acknowledged that the mean radius of the A-cation site plays a key role [10]. Experimentally, =1.24Å is recognized as the critical mean radius [11]. With smaller than 1.24 Å, the CO phase exists in the system; however, with larger than 1.24 Å, there is no CO phase. By way of 1 To whom any correspondence should be addressed.