Coexistence of Deciduous and Evergreen Oak Species in Mediterranean Environments: Costs Associated with the Leaf and Root Traits of Both Habits

Escudero, Alfonso; Mediavilla, Sonia; Olmo, Manuel; Villar, Rafael; Merino, J.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-69099-5_6

Cited by 13 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…Our set of 60 woody species covered a wide range of fine root trait values within the root economics spectrum (RES); however, the observed range of root construction costs across species was rather narrow, supporting previous findings both for roots (Martínez et al., 2002; Villar et al., 2006) and leaves (Poorter & Villar, 1997; Villar & Merino, 2001; Villar et al., 2006). A possible explanation for these narrow ranges of CC is that trade‐offs between chemical fractions and structural components tend to homogenize the construction costs across species (Escudero et al., 2017; Martínez et al., 2002; Poorter & Villar, 1997). For example, leaves in Mediterranean woody species with contrasting resource‐use strategies differed slightly in their C concentration but allocated their C to different anatomical tissues; that is, acquisitive species invested a greater proportion of C in metabolic tissues, whereas conservative species invested a greater proportion of the C in structural tissues, which could also be the case for roots (de la Riva, Olmo, et al., 2016; Escudero et al., 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A possible explanation for these narrow ranges of CC is that trade‐offs between chemical fractions and structural components tend to homogenize the construction costs across species (Escudero et al., 2017; Martínez et al., 2002; Poorter & Villar, 1997). For example, leaves in Mediterranean woody species with contrasting resource‐use strategies differed slightly in their C concentration but allocated their C to different anatomical tissues; that is, acquisitive species invested a greater proportion of C in metabolic tissues, whereas conservative species invested a greater proportion of the C in structural tissues, which could also be the case for roots (de la Riva, Olmo, et al., 2016; Escudero et al., 2017). This lower variability in root construction costs could also account for the absence of significant differences across symbiotic association types in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Root economics spectrum and construction costs in Mediterranean woody plants: The role of symbiotic associations and the environment

et al. 2021

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Many studies have quantified the functional variation of fine root traits to understand the overarching trade‐off between maximizing resource acquisition or conservation (root economics spectrum [RES]). However, we know remarkably less on how plant strategies along the RES are actually constrained by the amount of photosynthates required to construct roots (i.e. construction costs, CC) or how below‐ground interactions with symbiotic organisms modify root trait patterns and their relationships with CC. Our main aim was to quantify CC of fine roots (<2 mm) and their underlying components (carbon, minerals and organic nitrogen concentrations) in 60 Mediterranean woody species with contrasting symbiotic association types (ectomycorrhizas, arbuscular and ericoid mycorrhizas and N‐fixing bacteria). We examined (a) whether the covariation among fine root traits along the RES was related to the intrinsic cost of producing roots and whether this relationship was dependent on the type of root symbiosis; (b) whether the relationship of each CC component with the RES was dependent on the type of root symbiosis and (c) whether soil water and nutrient availability determined differences in CC across sites. According to the RES hypothesis, fine root traits showed a main covariation trend (acquisition vs. conservation), defined by the first PCA axis, which also segregated species by their two main contrasting symbiotic types (arbuscular and ectomycorrhizal). We found a positive relationship between root CC and the RES (i.e. PCA axis 1) and, interestingly, slopes differed among symbiotic types, in response to the different role of each specific CC component. In addition, independently of symbiotic type, root CC decreased linearly with soil nutrient availability and quadratically with plant water availability. Synthesis. Our study demonstrates that woody plants display different functional strategies in their root CC, related with their position on the RES, and that CC differ among symbiotic groups. The influence of the root CC components across species varied among symbiotic associations, pointing to a trade‐off between structural and metabolic compounds. Root CC were also strongly modulated by soil resource availability (nutrients and water). This study highlights that root CC are fundamental to better understand below‐ground resource‐use strategies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Root economics spectrum and construction costs in Mediterranean woody plants: The role of symbiotic associations and the environment

et al. 2021

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“…Deciduous species have a higher potential for net photosynthesis in PnET-Succession (De Bruijn et al, 2014) but they are generally less shade and drought tolerant and need to spend more energy in building foliage biomass than evergreen species. The trade-off between benefits and losses caused by different leaf habits explains the coexistence of species with different strategies (Escudero et al, 2017), as it is clearly observed in the growth patterns of Q. ilex and Q. faginea.…”

Section: Calibration Of Model Parameters and Site-level Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 91%

A Step-by-Step Guide to Initialize and Calibrate Landscape Models: A Case Study in the Mediterranean Mountains

et al. 2021

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The use of spatially interactive forest landscape models has increased in recent years. These models are valuable tools to assess our knowledge about the functioning and provisioning of ecosystems as well as essential allies when predicting future changes. However, developing the necessary inputs and preparing them for research studies require substantial initial investments in terms of time. Although model initialization and calibration often take the largest amount of modelers’ efforts, such processes are rarely reported thoroughly in application studies. Our study documents the process of calibrating and setting up an ecophysiologically based forest landscape model (LANDIS-II with PnET-Succession) in a biogeographical region where such a model has never been applied to date (southwestern Mediterranean mountains in Europe). We describe the methodological process necessary to produce the required spatial inputs expressing initial vegetation and site conditions. We test model behaviour on single-cell simulations and calibrate species parameters using local biomass estimations and literature information. Finally, we test how different initialization data—with and without shrub communities—influence the simulation of forest dynamics by applying the calibrated model at landscape level. Combination of plot-level data with vegetation maps allowed us to generate a detailed map of initial tree and shrub communities. Single-cell simulations revealed that the model was able to reproduce realistic biomass estimates and competitive effects for different forest types included in the landscape, as well as plausible monthly growth patterns of species growing in Mediterranean mountains. Our results highlight the importance of considering shrub communities in forest landscape models, as they influence the temporal dynamics of tree species. Besides, our results show that, in the absence of natural disturbances, harvesting or climate change, landscape-level simulations projected a general increase of biomass of several species over the next decades but with distinct spatio-temporal patterns due to competitive effects and landscape heterogeneity. Providing a step-by-step workflow to initialize and calibrate a forest landscape model, our study encourages new users to use such tools in forestry and climate change applications. Thus, we advocate for documenting initialization processes in a transparent and reproducible manner in forest landscape modelling.

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“…Los robles de climas mediterráneos suelen tener hojas más pequeñas que los de climas templados (Corcuera et al 2002), siendo un factor clave en la resistencia frente a la sequía estival que sufren los robles de climas mediterráneos (Peguero-Pina et al 2014). Por ejemplo, el menor tamaño foliar de los robles mediterráneos favorece el enfria-miento por convección de sus hojas (Gil-Pelegrín et al 2017;Escudero et al 2017). La evapotranspiración (a priori) no parece tener un papel principal en la variación de esta dimensión funcional, sin embargo, en España se encuentran las zonas más áridas del gradiente con mayores tasas de evapotranspiración y con mayor probabilidad de heladas invernales, donde residen las especies con el menor tamaño foliar (Q. ilex, Q. coccifera y Q. faginea).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Por otro lado, algunos estudios con determinados linajes (p.ej. Viburnum o Helianthus) han encontrado que la variación funcional de las hojas puede estar condicionada a estrategias que se han conservado en unos clados determinados dentro de un mismo género (Edwards et al 2014;Mason y Donovan 2015) o al hábito foliar (Escudero et al 2017). Nuestra segunda hipótesis es que la variación funcional foliar está condicionada tanto filogenéticamente como por el hábito foliar.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

The role of evapotranspiration on the foliar functional distribution of 28 Quercus species from Mexico and Spain

Riva¹,

Arenas‐Navarro

Villar

et al. 2019

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Coexistence of Deciduous and Evergreen Oak Species in Mediterranean Environments: Costs Associated with the Leaf and Root Traits of Both Habits

Cited by 13 publications

References 97 publications

Root economics spectrum and construction costs in Mediterranean woody plants: The role of symbiotic associations and the environment

Root economics spectrum and construction costs in Mediterranean woody plants: The role of symbiotic associations and the environment

A Step-by-Step Guide to Initialize and Calibrate Landscape Models: A Case Study in the Mediterranean Mountains

The role of evapotranspiration on the foliar functional distribution of 28 Quercus species from Mexico and Spain

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