Coexistence of congeneric native and invasive species: The case of the green algae Codium spp. in northwestern Spain

Rojo, Irene López; Olabarria, Celia; Santamaria, Marta; Provan, Jim; Gallardo, Tomás; Viejo, Rosa M.

doi:10.1016/j.marenvres.2014.09.006

Cited by 10 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The east side higher density of C. fragile spread found with eDNA, overlapped with previous findings (Cires Rodríguez & Rico Ordás, ). Our results were also concordant with the previous surveillance at most western point of Concha de Artedo where in summer sampling events the majority of the specimens belonged to C. tomentosum with a small representation of C. vermilara and no confirmed presence of C. fragile (Rojo et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Similar coexisting acclimatization of two native and invasive kelp species in the same environment has been previously evidenced, where habitat preferences were identified through specific gene expression in correlation with temperature shifts (Henkel & Hofmann, ). The results show that C. fragile was the predominant species during autumn sampling, whereas previously it had been predominantly found in the summer period (Rojo et al, ). Colder spring and summer temperatures in the year of the eDNA sampling, with additional warmer temperatures in autumn (only 1°C degree difference from summer sampling), could have postponed C. fragile reproductive season toward autumn, and the corresponding increase in release of gametes (Bohmann et al, ) might be correlated to the eDNA density increase in that particular autumn.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

“…We found no C. decorticatum in our eDNA sampling, confirming previous studies along the coast (García et al, ), despite having been occasionally reported (Cires Rodríguez & Rico Ordás, ). Tide‐induced sampling limitations had been one of the potential causes proposed for finding no particular species during sampling events (Rojo et al, ), but our study suggests that this species was absent at the time of sampling as water sampling was not affected by the available shoreline sampling transect. C. decorticatum was not detected at all sampling events, as well as C. fragile was not detected at the most Western sampling point, which illustrates the usefulness of eDNA as a tool for seaweed monitoring.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…All specimens of C. fragile collected in the Bay of Biscay region were identified based on sequencing as the invasive subspecies C. fragile ssp. fragile (Rojo et al, ), confirming the primer specificity for the subspecies. Oligo Analyser 3.1 tool (Integrated DNA Technologies) was used for primer check on hairpins and primer dimers.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 65%

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Contrasting seasonal and spatial distribution of native and invasive Codium seaweed revealed by targeting species‐specific eDNA

Muha

Skukan

Borrell

et al. 2019

Ecology and Evolution

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Aim Codium fragile , an invasive seaweed, has spread widely during the last century, impacting on local seaweed communities through competition and disturbance. Early detection of C. fragile can help on its control and management. Environmental DNA (eDNA) has proved successful for early detection of aquatic invasive species but its potential use for seaweed remains understudied. We used a species‐specific eDNA qPCR approach to investigate the spatial distribution, abundance, and coexistence of the invasive C. fragile and three native Codium species ( Codium vermilara , Codium tomentosum , and Codium decorticatum ) in the Cantabrian Sea. Location Bay of Biscay, Northern Atlantic Coast of the Iberian Peninsula; two ports, a beach and a rocky cliff. Methods We designed species‐specific primers in barcoding regions targeting short fragments of the rbcL gene for the invasive Codium species, and the elongation factor Tu (tufA) gene for the native species, to assess their spatial and seasonal distributions using quantitative real‐time PCR in samples collected during summer, autumn, and winter. Results We found seasonal differences in the presence of the invasive Codium fragile and two of the native Codium species, but did not detect C. decorticatum at any point. Species distribution patterns produced with qPCR targeting species‐specific eDNA coincided with the known distribution based on previous conventional sampling, with a seasonal alternance of C. fragile and C. vermilara , and a marked dominance of invasive C. fragile in ports, which are known hotspots for invasive species. Main conclusions Our results demonstrate the utility of using eDNA for early detection and monitoring of invasive seaweed. Native and invasive Codium spp. displayed significant seasonal and spatial differentiation that needs to be taken into account in risk management. Regular monitoring of ports and adjacent areas using eDNA should help to assess the potential expansion of invasive Codium and the need for management interventions to avoid the displacement of native seaweed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 65%

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Contrasting seasonal and spatial distribution of native and invasive Codium seaweed revealed by targeting species‐specific eDNA

Muha

Skukan

Borrell

et al. 2019

Ecology and Evolution

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“…fragile has often been misidentified (Provan et al 2008). Rojo et al (2014) found two morphological groups of C. fragile in NW Spain that they initially assigned to subsp. atlanticum and subsp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Codium fragile in Norway: subspecies identity and morphology

Armitage

Sjøtun

2016

Botanica Marina

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Abstract:The green alga Codium fragile consists of 10 subspecies, of which subspecies fragile is a well-known invasive seaweed. Morphological work carried out in the 1950s suggested that there were three subspecies along the Norwegian coast: subsp. fragile, subsp. atlanticum and subsp. scandinavicum. However, more recent molecular data have shown the existence of only two subspecies and that these are frequently misidentified. The aims of the present study were therefore to verify which subspecies occur in Norway using the rpl16-rps3 chloroplast marker, to ascertain their likely time of arrival and to compare their morphology to their genetic identity. DNA sequences were obtained for 60 thalli from 18 sites along the coast (57-69° N) and 10 herbarium specimens . The sequences indicated that both subsp. fragile and subsp. atlanticum occur at present and have been in Norway since at least 1932 and 1948, respectively. The subspecies co-occurred at one site, but in general, subsp. atlanticum appears to have a narrower distribution than subsp. fragile, both geographically and in terms of habitat. Importantly, mucron length, other utricle features, or habitat were not always sufficiently reliable to give an accurate subspecies identification, demonstrating the necessity of DNA sequencing for the identification of these subspecies.

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Successful intertidal colonization of the invasive macroalga Codium fragile near its equatorial/warm range limit in the South-East Pacific

et al. 2023

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Coexistence of congeneric native and invasive species: The case of the green algae Codium spp. in northwestern Spain

Cited by 10 publications

References 47 publications

Contrasting seasonal and spatial distribution of native and invasive Codium seaweed revealed by targeting species‐specific eDNA

Contrasting seasonal and spatial distribution of native and invasive Codium seaweed revealed by targeting species‐specific eDNA

Codium fragile in Norway: subspecies identity and morphology

Successful intertidal colonization of the invasive macroalga Codium fragile near its equatorial/warm range limit in the South-East Pacific

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