Coevolutionary theory of hosts and parasites

Buckingham, Lydia J.; Ashby, Ben

doi:10.1111/jeb.13981

Cited by 39 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 229 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Furthermore, an interesting and ecologically relevant scenario of biological control using multiple enemies would be the one where some agents are parasites and others are predators 60 , which would combine trophic and parasitic interactions. It would be interesting to include in the model the possibility of co-evolution of the host, for example, by allowing for the evolution of the host resistance under co-infection settings (see the recent review by Buckingham and Ashby 61 and references therein). Including relatedness of parasites (with the possibility of mutation between different parasite strains) and kin selection would be an important extension with several practical applications 46 , 62 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revisiting implementation of multiple natural enemies in pest management

Alharbi

Sandhu

Areshi

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A major goal of biological control is the reduction and/or eradication of pests using various natural enemies, in particular, via deliberate infection of the target species by parasites. To enhance the biological control, a promising strategy seems to implement a multi-enemy assemblage rather than a single control agent. Although a large body of theoretical studies exists on co-infections in epidemiology and ecology, there is still a big gap in modelling outcomes of multi-enemy biological control. Here we theoretically investigate how the efficiency of biological control of a pest depends on the number of natural enemies used. We implement a combination of eco-epidemiological modelling and the Adaptive Dynamics game theory framework. We found that a progressive addition of parasite species increases the evolutionarily stable virulence of each parasite, and thus enhances the mortality of the target pest. However, using multiple enemies may have only a marginal effect on the success of biological control, or can even be counter-productive when the number of enemies is excessive. We found the possibility of evolutionary suicide, where one or several parasite species go extinct over the course of evolution. Finally, we demonstrate an interesting scenario of coexistence of multiple parasites at the edge of extinction.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revisiting implementation of multiple natural enemies in pest management

Alharbi

Sandhu

Areshi

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Mathematical models have therefore played an important role in shaping our understanding of host-pathogen coevolution. Recently, many theoretical models are constructed to study the coevolutionary theory of host-pathogen interaction, and find that the population dynamics and the genetic basis of infection have a significant impact on the outcome of host-pathogen coevolution (Buckingham and Ashby 2022 ). Baalen ( 1998 ) and Restif and Koella ( 2003 ) investigated the so-called coevolutionary stable state, for which once attained cannot be invaded by other strains.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coevolutionary dynamics of host-pathogen interaction with density-dependent mortality

Yang

2022

J. Math. Biol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study explores the coevolutionary dynamics of host-pathogen interaction based on a susceptible-infected population model with density-dependent mortality. We assume that both the host’s resistance and the pathogen’s virulence will adaptively evolve, but there are inevitable costs in terms of host birth rate and disease-related mortality rate. Particularly, it is assumed that both the host resistance and pathogen virulence can affect the transmission rate. By using the approach of adaptive dynamics and numerical simulation, we find that the finally coevolutionary outcome depends on the strength of host-pathogen asymmetric interaction, the curvature of trade-off functions, and the intensity of density-dependent natural mortality. To be specific, firstly, we find that if the strengths of host-pathogen asymmetric interaction and disease-related mortality are relatively weak, or the density-dependent natural mortality is relatively strong, then the host resistance and pathogen virulence will evolve to a continuously stable strategy. However, if the strength of host-pathogen asymmetric interaction and disease-related mortality becomes stronger, then the host resistance and pathogen virulence will evolve periodically. Secondly, we find that if the intensities of both the birth rate trade-off function and the density-dependent natural mortality are relatively weak, but the strength of host-pathogen asymmetric interaction becomes relatively strong, then the evolution of host resistance will have a relatively strongly accelerating benefit, the evolutionary branching of host resistance will first arise. However, if the strength of host-pathogen asymmetric interaction is relatively weak, but the intensity of the trade-off function of disease-related mortality becomes relatively strong, then the evolution of pathogen virulence will have a relatively strongly decelerating cost, and the evolutionary branching of pathogen virulence will first arise. Thirdly, after the evolutionary branching of host resistance and pathogen virulence, we further study the coevolutionary dynamics of two-hosts-one-pathogen interaction and one-host-two-pathogens interaction. We find that if the evolutionary branching of host resistance arises firstly, then the finally evolutionary outcome contains a dimorphic host and a monomorphic pathogen population. If the evolutionary branching of pathogen virulence arises firstly, then the finally evolutionary outcome may contain a monomorphic host and a dimorphic pathogen population.

show abstract

“…In a related study, Prado et al (2009) used a stochastic individual-based network model to show that coevolution between host contact number (degree) and parasite virulence (disease-associated mortality rate) can lead to fluctuating selection in both traits, with the cost of sociality depending both on the virulence of the parasite and its prevalence in the population. However, few theoretical studies have considered how eco-evolutionary feedbacks mediate the evolution of sociality (see Cantor et al 2021 for a review), and as far as we are aware, these are the only two theoretical studies to date to explore the coevolution of sociality and virulence (Buckingham and Ashby 2022). While these studies demonstrate the importance of parasitism as a dynamic cost in the evolution of sociality, both assume that the benefits of sociality are fixed, so that each additional contact increases host fitness by a predetermined amount.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Information use Shapes the Coevolution of Sociality and Virulence

Ashby

Farine

2020

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Social contacts can facilitate the spread of both survival-related information and infectious disease, but little is known about how these processes combine to shape host and parasite evolution. Here, we use a theoretical model that captures both transmission processes to investigate how host sociality and parasite virulence (co)evolve. We show how selection for sociality (and in turn, virulence) depends on both the intrinsic costs and benefits of information and disease as well as their relative prevalence in the population. Specifically, greater sociality and lower virulence evolve when the risk of infection is either low or high and information is neither very common nor too rare. Lower sociality and higher virulence evolve when the prevalence patterns are reversed. When disease and information are both at moderate levels, the direction of selection depends on the relative costs and benefits of being infected or informed. We also show that sociality varies inversely with virulence, and that disease may be unable to constrain the evolution of sociality. Together, these findings provide new insights for our understanding of group living and how apparently opposing ecological processes can influence the evolution of sociality and virulence in a range of ways.

show abstract

Coevolutionary theory of hosts and parasites

Cited by 39 publications

References 229 publications

Revisiting implementation of multiple natural enemies in pest management

Revisiting implementation of multiple natural enemies in pest management

Coevolutionary dynamics of host-pathogen interaction with density-dependent mortality

Social Information use Shapes the Coevolution of Sociality and Virulence

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About