Abstract. Motivated by the well-known conjecture of Andrews and Curtis [1], we consider the question of how, in a given n-generator group G, any ordered n-tuple of ''annihilators'' of G, that is, with normal closure all of G, can be transformed by standard moves into a generating n-tuple. The recalcitrance of G is defined to be the least number of elementary standard moves (''elementary M-transformations'') by means of which every annihilating n-tuple can be transformed into a generating n-tuple. We obtain upper estimates for the recalcitrance of n-generator finite groups-thus quantifying a result from [2]-and of a wide class of n-generator solvable groups, thus extending and correcting a result from [3].