Coenzyme Q0 From Antrodia cinnamomea Exhibits Drug-Resistant Bacteria Eradication and Keratinocyte Inflammation Mitigation to Ameliorate Infected Atopic Dermatitis in Mouse

Abstract

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is an inflammatory skin disease that is usually accompanied by Staphylococcus aureus infection due to cutaneous barrier-function damage. Benzenoid compounds from Antrodia cinnamomea are known to exhibit antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities. This study sought to investigate the potential of benzenoids for treating bacteria-infected AD. The compounds were screened against methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). Coenzyme Q0 (CoQ0), a key ingredient in A. cinnamomea, showed the strongest MRSA growth inhibition. We further tested the inhibitory effect of CoQ0 on planktonic and biofilm MRSA. The work was also performed to explore the potential effectiveness of CoQ0 on AD using activated keratinocytes and in vivo experimental AD mice as the models. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of CoQ0 against MRSA were 7.81 μg/ml. CoQ0 was found to eradicate biofilm MRSA efficiently and reduce the biofilm thickness. CoQ0 killed MRSA by inhibiting DNA polymerase and topoisomerases. A proteomic assay showed that CoQ0 also reduced the ribosomal proteins. In the anti-inflammation study, CoQ0 was found to downregulate the expression of interleukin (IL)-6, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand (CCL)5, and CCL17 in HaCaT cells. CoQ0 at 0.5 μg/ml could recover the filaggrin decreased by HaCaT activation to the normal control. We established a bacteria-infected AD-like model in mice using ovalbumin (OVA) and topically applied MRSA. Topical CoQ0 delivery lessened the MRSA presence in the AD-like lesions by >90%. The erythema, barrier function, and epidermal thickness of the AD-like wounds were improved by CoQ0 through the reduction of IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, interferon (IFN)-γ, and by neutrophil infiltration in the lesional skin. CoQ0 is therefore regarded as effective in mitigating AD symptoms associated with bacterial load.

Cutaneous Delivery of Cosmeceutical Peptides Enhanced by Picosecond- and Nanosecond-Domain Nd:YAG Lasers with Quick Recovery of the Skin Barrier Function: Comparison with Microsecond-Domain Ablative Lasers

“…We developed psoriasis-like, AD-like, and photoaged skins in mice to analyze peptide delivery through inflamed skin. These inflammatory models were established in our previous reports and established a similar characteristic of histopathology with inflamed human skin [17,30,40,41]. All laser modalities enhanced the deposition of PT-1 into the psoriasiform and AD-like skins at a comparable level.…”

Antrodia cinnamomea Extraction Waste Supplementation Promotes Thermal Stress Tolerance and Tissue Regeneration Ability of Zebrafish

“…Previous studies have shown that AC extracts have antibacterial and antiviral properties [ 16 , 17 , 18 ]. Therefore, the effect of ACEW diet supplementation on the inhibition of microbial growth in water was examined.…”

Antrodia cinnamomea exerts an anti-hepatoma effect by targeting PI3K/AKT-mediated cell cycle progression in vitro and in vivo

“…As a mainstream form of complementary and alternative medicine, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been widely accepted for cancer patients because of its beneficial effects and lack of serious side effects 3 . Antrodia cinnamomea is a rare fungus that grows in Taiwan, China, distributing over broad-leaved forests at an altitude of 200–2000 m. Pharmacological studies have shown that A. cinnamomea has anti-tumor, liver protection, immune regulation, inhibiting vascular neointimal formation, lowering blood pressure and cholesterol, inhibiting platelet aggregation, and other physiological activities 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 . Of the numerous functions, the effects of hepatoprotective especially anti-HCC were the most often reported.…”

“…Recent studies showed that A. cinnamomea contains a variety of physiologically active compounds, including terpenoids, adenosine, organic germanium, trace elements, proteins, ergosterol, vitamins, nicotinic acid, nucleic acid lectins, chitin, lignin, etc. 7 , 8 , 18 . However, current reports about the chemical fingerprint of A. cinnamomea are scattered, and the systematic study is lacking.…”