Coelomic Fluid of Earthworm, Eudrilus Eugeniae, Inhibits the Growth of Fungal Hyphae, in Vitro

Abstract

Knowledge on interactions between earthworms and microbes at molecular level has been obscure. Mechanism by which earthworms defend themselves against different microorganisms in the soil is largely unknown. Coelomic fluid from earthworm species has been shown to have antimicrobial activity. In this study we report that coelomic fluid isolated from Eudrilus eugeniae has antifungal activity against four different phytopathogens such as Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium oxysporum, Aspergillus flavus and Verticillium dahlia. Incubation of coelomic fluid with fungal hyphae of all these four strains for 12 hours revealed that the growth of hyphae was greatly inhibited. Light microscopy studies confirmed that the hyphae growth was greatly reduced by incubation of coelomic fluid. Analysis of the fluid in the microscope showed the presence of different types of coelomocytes in the mucous fluid. Other molecules and compounds in the coelomic fluid might also have played role in antifungal activity.

Novel Venetin-1 nanoparticle from earthworm coelomic fluid as a promising agent for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer

“…In their habitat, which has rich microbiota and ensures constant contact between microorganisms and earthworms, these animals have evolved mechanisms preventing development of illnesses 18 – 21 . The most popular formulations made from earthworms are powders and pastes 20 – 24 . It has been evidenced that coelomic fluid is rich in proteins, enzymes, peptides, and polysaccharides.…”

“…It has fibrinolytic properties, exerts vasorelaxant effects, and has beneficial properties for the liver 17 , 18 , 22 . Earthworm preparations have documented antibacterial and antifungal properties 20 , 21 , 24 – 28 . Current research has demonstrated that coelomic fluid has anticancer activity against HeLa, A549, Pa17, PC-12, or Hep-2 cancer cell lines 20 , 26 , 29 .…”

Autophagy of Candida albicans cells after the action of earthworm Venetin-1 nanoparticle with protease inhibitor activity

“…Since the living environment of earthworms is rich in fungal organisms, fungi are the main source of food for earthworms 7 and at the same time, these invertebrates have mechanisms protecting them against pathogenic species. One of them is the action of the coelomic fluid (CF), which has been proven to kill fungal cells 8 . CF secreted by the dorsal pores contains many bioactive compounds, e.g.…”

“…such enzymes as proteases 9 – 11 , lysozymes 12 , 13 , metalloenzymes 14 , and fibrinolytic enzymes 15 as well as polysaccharides 16 , proteins 17 – 19 , and nutrients, etc. These factors have antibacterial 20 , 21 , antifungal 8 , 22 , anti-inflammatory 23 , antioxidant 23 , 24 , and anticancer 10 , 11 , 25 – 27 effects.…”

Three Antimitotic Compounds Found in Banana Pseudo-Stem By Using Earthworms.

“…Studies on the relationship between the central nervous system and the social ability of earthworm suggested its application towards research on social interaction (Gopi Daisy et al 2016). Coelomic uid of earthworms was demonstrated to inhibit the growth of fungal hyphae in vitro (Plavšin et al 2017;Rajesh et al 2019). Besides, coelomic uid of earthworm species Eudrilus eugeniae has been shown to promote seed germination and the growth of legume seedling (Nadana Raja Vadivu et al 2019).…”