Coelenterate and Germinal-Müllerian Papilloma Cervix: A Mini-Review

Abstract

Müllerian papilloma of uterine cervix is an infrequently encountered, benign neoplasm simulating the malignant botyroid rhabdomyosarcoma. Of obscure aetiology or pathogenesis, Müllerian papilloma is posited to emerge from anomalous embryological tissue remnants amalgamated during foetal growth and diverse stages of foetal development. Generally asymptomatic, Müllerian papilloma may delineate abnormal vaginal bleeding, spotting and/or vaginal discharge, abdominal pain, pelvic pain, lumbar pain, discomfort, difficulty in micturition or primary infertility in adulthood due to mechanical obstruction of cervix. Neoplasm is comprised of papillary stalks layered by mucinous epithelium with focal squamous metaplasia and an extensively cellular and fibrous encompassing stroma. Tumefaction appears immune reactive to CK7, CA125 or Epithelial Membrane Antigen (EMA). Müllerian papilloma of uterine cervix requires segregation from neoplasms such as botyroid rhabdomyosarcoma, cervical clear cell carcinoma or cervical polyp demonstrating superficial ulceration, haemorrhage or secondary infections. Müllerian papilloma of uterine cervix may be appropriately discerned with competent history and physical examination with pelvic evaluation, abdominal ultrasonography, Computerized Tomography (CT), contrast enhanced computerized tomography or Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of abdomen and pelvis. Müllerian papilloma of uterine cervix may be appropriately managed with comprehensive, localized surgical extermination of the neoplasm.