Coeficiente de rendimento em madeira serrada de oito espécies nativas de Mato Grosso

Abstract

Recebido em dezembro/2016; Aceito em abril/2017. RESUMO:A pesquisa foi desenvolvida em uma serraria no norte de Mato Grosso e teve como objetivo, avaliar o rendimento em madeira serrada de oito espécies nativas, tradicionalmente utilizadas na indústria de processamento mecânico no estado. Na indústria selecionaram-se aleatoriamente, 6 toras de cada uma das 8 espécies nativas escolhidas, totalizando 48 toras para o desenvolvimento do estudo. A metodologia empregada foi conforme prescrita na Resolução nº 411 do CONAMA (2009), e as variáveis estudadas foram: volume de tora, volume de madeira serrada e volume de resíduo (costaneira e serragem). Os resultados foram analisados por estatística descritiva e testes de médias. Concluiu-se que a espécie "Cedrinho" (Erisma uncinatun) apresentou o maior rendimento em madeira serrada (56,17%) e a espécie "Angelim saia" (Parkia pendula) o menor rendimento (38,41%), não atendendo o mínimo de 45% estipulado na normativa do CONAMA/2009. A unidade processadora apresentou rendimento médio em madeira serrada de 47,48% e está dentro da média reportada em literatura para as espécies de folhosas (45-50%), mas o volume total de resíduo gerado foi alto, devido possivelmente à conicidade das árvores. Palavras-chave: rendimento, resíduo, CONAMA. Coefficient of yield in sawn wood of eight native species of Mato GrossoABSTRACT: The research was developed in a sawmill in the north of Mato Grosso and had as objective, to evaluate the yield of sawn wood of eight native species, traditionally used in the mechanical processing industry within the state. Within the industry, 6 logs were randomly selected from each of the 8 native species chosen, totaling 48 logs for the study development. The methodology used was as prescribed in CONAMA Resolution 411 (2009), and the variables studied were: log volume, lumber volume and residue volume (coastwise and sawdust). The results were analyzed by descriptive statistics. It was concluded that the species "Cedrinho" (Erisma uncinatum) presented the highest yield of sawn wood (56,17%) and the specie "Angelim saia" (Parkia pendula) had lower yield (38,41%), not meeting the minimum of 45% stipulated in CONAMA/2009 regulations. The processing unit had a mean yield of 47,48% of sawn wood and is within the mean reported in the literature for the hardwood species (45-50%), but the total volume of residue generated was high, due mainly to the conicity of the trees.

Conicity and Yield for Lumber From Commercial Species From the Amazon

“…Conicity has a direct influence on the final yield of wood from logs and has been cited as one of the principal factors responsible for low yields in Amazonian sawmills (Garcia et al, 2012;Mendoza et al, 2017;Lima et al, 2019). In the present study, in spite of using estimated values for percent volumetric yield, effects of conicity are possibly present with respect to yield of wood.…”

Volumetric yield coefficient: the key to regulating virtual credits for Amazon wood

“…In practice, the Amazon timber industry uses a low technological apparatus in their sawmills and generates a considerable amount of wood waste that is discarded. Sawmills are limited to meeting the demand of their buyers' orders to remain competitive in the market (Mendonza et al 2017).…”

“…Several variables influence sawmill performance, including the characteristics of the timber species being processed, the cutting machinery used, and the diameter and quality of the logs (Marchesan et al 2014;Danielli et al 2016;Mendonza et al 2017;Romero et al 2020). Together, these factors make it difficult to calculate an accurate generalized ratio of original volume of logs entering the system, and the final volume of processed wood that leaves it.…”

Wood Production and Its Correlation with Socioeconomic and Environmental Indicators in the Amazon Region

“…Due to the importance of this factor, many authors have inferred the sawn yield of Amazon wood industries, as in the works of Gerwing et al (2001) [5], Veríssimo et al (2002) [6], and Lentini et al (2005) [7]. Nascimento et al (2006) [8] presented sawn yields between 32% and 41% for the industries of the State of Pará, Brazil, while the recent works of de Mendoza Borges et al (2017) [9] and Melo et al (2019) [10] showed an average lumber yield of 47.7% for the Amazon region. Recently, da Silva Luz et al (2021) [4] inferred an average lumber yield of 45% for the State of Pará and mentioned the prospect of the energy potential of wood residues.…”