Coding OSICS sports injury diagnoses in epidemiological studies: does the background of the coder matter?

Finch, Caroline F.; Orchard, John; Twomey, D.; Saleem, Muhammad Mubasher; Ekegren, Christina L.; Lloyd, David G.; Elliott, Bruce

doi:10.1136/bjsports-2012-091219

Cited by 34 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Another factor which may have contributed to the variation in injury incidence is the issue of who made the injury diagnosis. Similar assumptions have been highlighted by Finch et al 77 in their study stating that differences in expertise and knowledge can result in different outcomes of diagnosis. A wide range of personnel, including doctors, nurses, trainers or players self-reporting, were involved in the reporting process among the studies we included in our review.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Systematic review of rugby injuries in children and adolescents under 21 years

et al. 2015

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A systematic review of rugby union and league injuries among players under the age of 21 years was carried out to calculate probabilities of match injury for a player over a season and a pooled estimate of match injury incidence where studies were sufficiently similar. The probability of a player being injured over a season ranged from 6% to 90% for rugby union and 68% to 96% for rugby league. The pooled injury incidence estimate for rugby union was 26.7/1000 player-hours for injuries irrespective of need for medical attention or time-loss and 10.3/1000 player-hours for injuries requiring at least 7 days absence from games; equivalent to a 28.4% and 12.1% risk of being injured over a season. Study heterogeneity contributed to a wide variation in injury incidence. Public injury surveillance and prevention systems have been successful in reducing injury rates in other countries. No such system exists in the UK.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Systematic review of rugby injuries in children and adolescents under 21 years

et al. 2015

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“…Second, the hours of training/competition and injuries registered in this study were reported by players (ie, self‐report data) and were not diagnosed personally by a health professional. However, all injury cases were reviewed by a physiotherapist and coded according to the Orchard Sports Injury Classification System version 10 (OSICS‐10), which has an overall high level of agreement between coders . This does not rule out that having a health professional to evaluate the injured athlete “on the field” may minimize report bias in future research.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our findings are consistent with previous studies using the same methods to register injuries in different sports. Clarsen et al 11 reported a mean prevalence of injury of 25% (95% CI [24][25][26][27] in Olympic and Paralympic athletes from team, endurance, and tactical/technical sports followed up in a weekly basis. The mean prevalence of overuse injuries was higher (20% [95% CI [18][19][20][21]) than acute injuries (4% [95% CI 3-5]).…”

Section: Prevalence and Nature Of Injurymentioning

confidence: 99%

Injuries in Dutch elite field hockey players: A prospective cohort study

Barboza

Nauta

Pols

et al. 2018

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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This study describes the prevalence, incidence density, severity, and nature of injuries in elite field hockey players over the Dutch 2015–2016 season. Eighty players answered a baseline questionnaire and were subsequently followed up every 2 weeks to report the hours spent on training/competition and experienced injuries, which were registered using the Oslo Sports Trauma Research Centre Questionnaire on Health Problems. Of the 74 players included in the analysis, 52 (70%) reported 112 injuries. Eighty‐seven injuries (78%) received medical attention, and 56 (50%) led to training/competition time‐loss. Thirty‐four injuries (30%) hampered players’ availability to train and compete. Most of the injuries (74%) were not caused by any contact. The mean prevalence of injury was 29% (95% confidence interval [CI] 3–55) for all, 9% (95% CI 0–20) for acute, and 14% (95% CI 0–36) for overuse injuries. Players sustained 3.5 (95% CI 2.5–4.5) new acute injuries per 1000 hours of training and 12.3 (95% CI 7.6–17.0) per 1000 hours of competition. The median of the severity score was 28 from 100 (25%–75% interquartile range [IQR] 16–42) for all, 35 (IQR 23–53) for acute, and 21 (IQR 16–31) for overuse injuries. On average, 1 in 4 elite field hockey players experiences an injury within a 2‐week period during the season. Although acute injuries are common, overuse injuries pose a comparable problem in elite field hockey. As injuries are a burden on players’ health and may hamper performance and availability to train and compete, prevention is of great importance.

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“…The diagnosis, mechanism of injury, and time modified due to injury were entered by the athletes’ treating physiotherapist or doctor into the Athlete Management System (AMS) (Fair Play Pty Ltd) and classified using the Orchard Sports Injury Classification System (OSICS) medical diagnoses 30 . All players were diagnosed clinically ± using additional imaging by the state sports physiotherapist (Cricket Australia state physiotherapists require post‐graduate qualifications in sports physiotherapy) and/ or sports doctor (Cricket Australia doctors are required to be either sports physicians, sport physician registrars, or general practitioners with a special interest in sports medicine).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors for dominant‐shoulder injury in elite female Australian cricket players: A prospective study

Murphy

Chivers

Mahony³

et al. 2020

Transl Sports Med

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The objectives of this prospective cohort study were to examine the risk factors for dominant‐shoulder injury within the Australian women's national cricket league during the 2017‐2018 season. A total of 115 elite female cricketers were included with a mean (SD) age of 26.0 (4.4) years. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression determined the relationship between physical performance and musculoskeletal screening tests and dominant‐shoulder injury. Fourteen players developed dominant‐shoulder injuries (12%) throughout the season. No demographic or physical performance tests were risk factors. Univariate analysis revealed shoulder IR:ER strength ratio (OR = 1.84, P = .01), back foot hip abduction strength (OR = 0.973, P = .049), and back foot hip adduction: abduction strength ratio (OR = 1.44, P = .047) were significantly associated with injury. Only shoulder IR:ER strength ratio remained significant (P = .016) in the multivariate logistic regression model with a 79% increased risk of shoulder injury for every 0.1 ratio increase. This study identified that within elite female cricketers, a shoulder IR:ER strength ratio >1.00 is the strongest risk factor for developing shoulder injury. Therefore, injury risk reduction programs in elite female cricketers should focus on keeping the shoulder IR: ER strength ratio closer to 1:1 to minimize shoulder injury burden.

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Coding OSICS sports injury diagnoses in epidemiological studies: does the background of the coder matter?

Cited by 34 publications

References 24 publications

Systematic review of rugby injuries in children and adolescents under 21 years

Systematic review of rugby injuries in children and adolescents under 21 years

Injuries in Dutch elite field hockey players: A prospective cohort study

Risk factors for dominant‐shoulder injury in elite female Australian cricket players: A prospective study

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