Code-Oriented Damage Assessment for Buildings

Graf, William P.; Lee, Yajie

doi:10.1193/1.3054367

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…For nonmandatory applications, this may not be appropriate. If the TZR model is not used, then it must be verified that the damage PL distribution function can be determined consistent with ASTM E2026 PL requirements; otherwise, the approach cannot be implemented. One such alternate approach is Graf and Lee's code‐oriented damage assessment model that uses the ATC‐13‐1 damage estimates as a basis and allows variations of engineering characteristics of the building from those assumed by ATC and use of site‐specific ground motions rather than MMI . A more computationally intensive approach requiring a structural model would be to use the SP‐3, an implementation of FEMA P‐58…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the safe interim use of seismically deficient buildings

Thiel

Zsutty

2018

Structural Design Tall Build

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How long can a seismically deficient building be used until the seismic risk becomes too high to be acceptable? A model interim use plan is developed with requirements to abandon the building if retrofit is not completed in the use period. Acceptable seismic performance is keyed to American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) 41 levels.The acceptable occupancy or use period is limited to that which results in the same probability of performance as stated for an ASCE 7-16-compliant building, except that the total risk in the use period is due to all possible earthquakes impacting the site, not just the maximum considered earthquake. The Thiel-Zsutty damage model is used to determine the probabilities for assigned threshold ranges where unacceptable performance can occur. Other response prediction models can be used if they provide an annual probability of a given performance level exceedance. Example applications are given for both marginally and highly deficient buildings located at 17 national sites in high and moderate seismic hazard regions and include ASCE 7 Risk Class I-IV buildings. This approach may be applied to any risk decision-making issue for which there is an annual probability of damage exceedance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the safe interim use of seismically deficient buildings

Thiel

Zsutty

2018

Structural Design Tall Build

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“…In order to estimate this parameter, the probability distribution of damage from the ATC 13 has been adopted where V max is the maximum variance of the loss in all range from 0% to 100%; β M is the loss where the maximum variance occurs; and r is a shape factor. In Graf and Lee (2009), the standard deviation is assumed to be 0.15 for the 50% of the damage factor. In this work, V max is assumed to be 0.0625, with a standard deviation of 0.25; β M is fixed at the 50%; and r is assumed to be 3.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Graf & Lee (2009), the standard deviation is assumed to be 0.15 for the 50% of the damage factor. In this work, Vmax is assumed to be 0.0625, whith a standard deviation of 0.25; βM is fixed at the 50% and r is assumed to be 3.…”

Section: Probability Distribution and Standard Deviation Of The Lossmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prioritizing Interventions to Reduce Seismic Vulnerability in School Facilities in Colombia

et al. 2015

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Colombian seismic code NSR-98 establishes the requirement for the seismic vulnerability analysis and, if necessary, the strengthening of public facilities (schools). Due to the investments required by risk reduction programs, it is necessary to establish criteria for assigning priorities for the interventions. This article proposes a methodology for obtaining a Benefit-Cost Ratio (BCR) at the subnational level, by assessing the expected annual average loss of the built area of public schools and the retrofitting cost. The BCR is estimated as the difference between the estimates of the net present value for status quo and retrofitted states, these two divided by the retrofitting costs. According to the BCR, 47.3% of the total school built area of Colombia should be retrofitted where the retrofitting costs correspond to 25% of the total investment. Proposed BCR is useful for prioritizing regions in function of the feasibility of reducing the seismic vulnerability of the schools.

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“… BI losses stemming from direct damage to plant and equipment. This capitalizes on functional relationships between physical capital and the flow of goods and services they help produce (e.g., ATC 13 damage relationships, ImageCat's Seismicat and CODA damage functions, FEMA's HAZUS™ MH loss estimation tool). There exists a lower threshold (usually 5% to 10%) that must be breeched to result in any BI losses, and then an upper threshold (often as low as 50%) exists at which point the facility completely shuts down for structural repairs or even demolition .…”

Section: Analytical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving Catastrophe Modeling for Business Interruption Insurance Needs

Rose

Huyck

2016

Risk Analysis

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While catastrophe (CAT) modeling of property damage is well developed, modeling of business interruption (BI) lags far behind. One reason is the crude nature of functional relationships in CAT models that translate property damage into BI. Another is that estimating BI losses is more complicated because it depends greatly on public and private decisions during recovery with respect to resilience tactics that dampen losses by using remaining resources more efficiently to maintain business function and to recover more quickly. This article proposes a framework for improving hazard loss estimation for BI insurance needs. Improved data collection that allows for analysis at the level of individual facilities within a company can improve matching the facilities with the effectiveness of individual forms of resilience, such as accessing inventories, relocating operations, and accelerating repair, and can therefore improve estimation accuracy. We then illustrate the difference this can make in a case study example of losses from a hurricane.

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Code-Oriented Damage Assessment for Buildings

Cited by 12 publications

References 10 publications

Evaluating the safe interim use of seismically deficient buildings

Evaluating the safe interim use of seismically deficient buildings

Prioritizing Interventions to Reduce Seismic Vulnerability in School Facilities in Colombia

Improving Catastrophe Modeling for Business Interruption Insurance Needs

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