Çocuklarda ve adolesanlarda periodontal hastalıklar

Abstract

Çocukların periodontal dokuları yetişkinlerden farklı olmasına rağmen, periodontal hastalıklar yetişkinlerde olduğu gibi çocuklarda da sık olarak görülmektedir. Yaygın olarak görülen periodontal hastalıklardan gingivitis periodontitise oranla çocuklarda daha sık görülmektedir. Çocuklukta başlangıç aşamasındaki periodontal hastalık gelecekte daha ileri periodontal hastalığın güçlü bir göstergesi olabilir. Bu nedenle, bu hastalıkların erken teşhis ve tedavisi önemlidir. Risk altındaki hastalar ve aileleri belirlenir ve özel tedavi programlarına alınırlarsa, toplumda periodontal hastalık prevalansı düşürülebilir.

Gingival and periodontal diseases in children

“…A decision can be made to change the drug, if appropriate, by asking the patient for a medical consultation. 16,24 Oral Lesions Independent of Plaque Recurrent aphthous stomatitis, primary herpetic gingivostomatitis, recurrent herpes simplex infections, common oral candidiasis, angular cheilitis and geographic tongue are the most common oral lesions in children. The incidence of these lesions is approximately the same between children and adults.…”

“…The incidence of these lesions is approximately the same between children and adults. 24,25 Primary herpetic gingivostomatitis: Primary herpetic is a viral disease that usually occurs acutely in early childhood and its causative agent is Herpes simplex virus (HSV) type-1. PHG often affects children younger than 10 years of age, more frequently in children aged 2 to 4 years, and then younger people aged 15-25.…”

“…26 In topical treatment, antifungals such as nystatin, amphotericin B, and miconazole are applied. 24 Recurrent herpes simplex: Primary infections are usually transmitted by direct contact with a lesion or with infected body fluids (saliva, exudates of active lesions). HSV Type 1 binds to specific surface receptors of cells and infects the oral mucosa.…”

“…Although there is no specific treatment for RAS, topical tetracycline, chlorhexidine gluconate or other mouthwashes, topical corticosteroids or immunomodulators can be used in the clinical management of the disease. 24,30 Angular cheilitis: Inflammation begins at the corners of the lips. Over time, erosion, ulceration, fissure develops, and it is a very painful condition.…”

“…Factors such as immunodeficiency, vitamin B2 deficiency, decrease or loss of vertical dimension for various reasons, and trauma predispose to these infections. 16,24 Geographic tongue (benign migratory glossitis): Geographic tongue is a benign inflammatory condition. It is characterized by a desquamation of superficial keratin and filiform papillae in the tongue.…”