Coconut oil for utility transformers – Environmental safety and sustainability perspectives

Das, Anu Kumar; Shill, Dayal Ch; Chatterjee, Saibal

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2022.112572

Cited by 14 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Coconut marketing agencies include farmers, producers, and traders. Farmers/producers are those whose main task is to carry out coconut farming activities as well as carry out coconut marketing activities [13,14]. Farmers' marketing of coconuts can take several forms, including selling them directly to end consumers, selling them through collectors and retailers, and so on.…”

Section: Coconut Marketing Channelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marketing of coconut farming in Central Sulawesi Province

Rauf,

Sulaeman,

Howara

et al. 2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Coconut is a plantation crop that has high economic value. Central Sulawesi is a producer of coconut plants in Indonesia, this can be seen from the area and production, and the plants are spread in every district within the province of Central Sulawesi. This study aims to determine the channels, margins, and marketing efficiency of coconut farming in Central Sulawesi Province. The research locations were determined purposively, namely Parigi Moutong and Tojo Una-una Regency. The study’s sample size was 244 people. The result of the research shows that there are two types of coconut marketing channels in Central Sulawesi. The marketing margin on channel I at the collector is IDR 300 per item and from collector to wholesalers, has a marketing margin of IDR 400 per item. The marketing margin on channel II at wholesalers is IDR 400 per item and from wholesalers to the industry, the marketing margin is IDR 500 per item. The farmer share on channel I is 70.29% while on channel II is 70.06%. Coconut marketing efficiency in Central Sulawesi on channels I and II is 21.25% and 26.00%, respectively.

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Section: Coconut Marketing Channelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marketing of coconut farming in Central Sulawesi Province

Rauf,

Sulaeman,

Howara

et al. 2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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“…Of all types of vegetable oil that are currently being delved into, coconut oil exhibits unique properties. In addition to being non-toxic and biodegradable [24], coconut oil demonstrates good thermal stability and viscosity index, making it able to withstand high temperatures without oxidation, which is crucial in machining applications to prevent heat generated from friction [25]. Coconut oil is also a safer option as it possessed a high flash point in comparison to other oils, which means it will vaporize and ignite at a high temperature between 290°C to 300°C [4].…”

Section: Nanolubricants Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermophysical Properties of Molybdenum Disulfide (MoS2) and Aluminium Oxide (Al2O3) in Bio-based Coconut Oil Hybrid Nanolubricant for Cleaner Metalworking Cutting Fluid Applications

Faudzi¹,

Khalil²,

Azmi³

et al. 2023

Tribol. Ind.

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Green metalworking fluids have increasingly gained pivotal relevance as environmentally compatible lubricant with equivalent performance since conventional lubricant poses significant threat. This study performs experimental and theoretical discovery on the new approach to metalworking fluid; a bio-based coconut oil nanolubricant with hybrid nanoparticles of Al2O3/MoS2 regarding the thermophysical properties. The colloid was produced by suspending Al2O3 and MoS2 nanoparticles in coconut-based oil at different volumetric ratios of 1:1, 1:2, and 2:1 but equal volumetric concentrations of 0.3 vol%. The thermal conductivity of bio-based lubricants increased up to 4.3% with the addition of hybrid nanoparticles which was ascertained using KD2 Pro thermal analyzer. A contact angle goniometer was used to obtain the water drop profile and the maximum wettability of bio-based hybrid nanolubricant was obtained at 27.76° (Al2O3:MoS2 (1:1)) which indicates that incorporating both nanoparticles into the base system improved lubricant spreadability. The kinematic viscosity was evaluated through the viscometer and hybrid nanofluid possessed a remarkable increase in viscosity index of at least 49.6% (Al2O3:MoS2 (2:1)) among other samples. The stability test revealed that the nanolubricant (Al2O3:MoS2 (1:1)) was more stable than others. The experimental outcomes showed that the ratio of hybrid nanoparticles in base fluid has a significant role in enhancing thermophysical properties.

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“…Vegetable oil tends to be a suitable alternative due to its sustainability and properties, such as being biodegradable, environmentally friendly, inexpensive, and having a high flash point [ 14 , 15 ]. In contrast to mineral oil, vegetable oil such as coconut oil is non-toxic and is known to be an environmentally friendly dielectric liquid [ 16 ]. The issue of soil contamination from waste transformer oil (WTO) can be avoided with the use of natural ester-based substances such as vegetable oil.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermophysical Properties of Vegetable Oil-Based Hybrid Nanofluids Containing Al2O3-TiO2 Nanoparticles as Insulation Oil for Power Transformers

2022

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The massive demand in the electrical power sector has resulted in a large demand for reliable, cost efficient, and environmentally friendly insulation oil to reduce the dependency on mineral oil. The hybridization of nanoparticles in vegetable oil is a novel method to enhance the thermal properties of vegetable oil. This study focuses on the experimental investigation of the thermophysical properties of coconut oil, soybean oil, and palm oil-based hybrid nanofluids suspended with Al2O3-TiO2 nanoparticles at a mass concentration of 0.2, 0.4, and 0.6%. The ratio between Al2O3 and TiO2 nanoparticles was maintained constant at 50:50. The main purpose of the study is to evaluate the thermal conductivity, dynamic viscosity, and density of different vegetable base oils suspended with Al2O3-TiO2 in the temperature range of 30 to 60 °C. The influence of temperature on the augmentation of thermophysical properties for different vegetable oil-based hybrid nanofluids is investigated experimentally. The experimental results for thermal conductivity for the three types of base fluids show that the effect of nanoparticle mass concentration in thermal conductivity enhancement is less significant for temperatures more than 50 °C. The palm oil with a 0.6% Al2O3-TiO2 nanoparticle concentration exhibited the highest thermal conductivity with a 27.5% thermal conductivity enhancement relative to the base oil. The effect of nanofluid temperature on density and viscosity augmentation is more distinct compared with the impact of Al2O3-TiO2 nanoparticles concentrations. Among all three types of hybrid nanofluids, palm oil based nanofluids were found to have superior thermophysical properties compared with coconut oil and soybean oil, with the highest thermal conductivity of 0.628 W/m·k and lowest viscosity of 17.772 mPa·s.

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Coconut oil for utility transformers – Environmental safety and sustainability perspectives

Cited by 14 publications

References 31 publications

Marketing of coconut farming in Central Sulawesi Province

Marketing of coconut farming in Central Sulawesi Province

Thermophysical Properties of Molybdenum Disulfide (MoS2) and Aluminium Oxide (Al2O3) in Bio-based Coconut Oil Hybrid Nanolubricant for Cleaner Metalworking Cutting Fluid Applications

Thermophysical Properties of Vegetable Oil-Based Hybrid Nanofluids Containing Al2O3-TiO2 Nanoparticles as Insulation Oil for Power Transformers

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