Coconut, Date, and Oil Palm Genomics

Meerow, Alan W.; Krueger, Robert R.; Singh, Rajinder; Low, Eng‐Ti Leslie; Ithnin, Maizura; Ooi, Leslie Cheng‐Li

doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-0920-5_10

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 186 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Similarly, 14 C activity was used to investigate the growth pattern of a stem of Cocos nucifera; the authors found there was no diffuse secondary growth in this palm (Wiesberg and Linick 1983). These two references were the only ones found in the literature on the growth of palms using 14 C. This comes to us as a surprise because palms are the third most economically important family of plants after the grasses and legumes (Meerow et al 2012), and are very abundant in tropical forests. In a cycad, with a similar architecture to the palms, Vogel et al (1995) estimated the ages of two stems of Encephalantos augene-maraisii from South Africa.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Unambiguous and Low-Cost Determination of Growth Rates and Ages of Tropical Trees and Palms

2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The determination of the age of tropical trees and palms is of significant importance for ecological studies and designing sustainable forest management plans. Radiocarbon is a powerful tool that can potentially help the determination of ages and growth rates of these plants. However, the application of 14 C analyses has one important problem for trees without annual rings and palms: the calibration of 14 C measurements with common programs such as CALIBomb or OxCal gives erroneous determinations for wood formed between AD 1954 and 1964. This problem is illustrated here using samples from a tropical tree (Otoba gracilipes) and a tropical palm (Oenocarpus bataua). This study shows how the use of two adjacent samples can help to unambiguously determine the real age of the samples and their mean growth rates. For comparison, long-term growth measurements for both species were used and it was determined that 14 C analyses provide accurate determination of growth rates for tropical trees and palms. Furthermore, the application of 14 C analyses in palms allows the determination of the rosette stage, rarely quantified in forest inventories and life-history studies.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Unambiguous and Low-Cost Determination of Growth Rates and Ages of Tropical Trees and Palms

2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Interestingly, while oil palm, sago palm ( Cycas revoluta ), sugar palm (Arenga pinnata)) , date palm ( Phoenix dactylifera) , and coconut palm ( Cocos nucifera) all belong to the same palm family, it is only the fruits of the oil palm that produce oil, while its close relatives all produce sugar or starch as their major storage compound [ 6 ]. This fascinating fact has spurred a number of studies aimed at elucidating the mechanisms of oil biosynthesis and the specific molecular pathways in oil palm that differ from those in its carbohydrate producing relatives.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential gene expression at different stages of mesocarp development in high- and low-yielding oil palm

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundThe oil yield trait of oil palm is expected to involve multiple genes, environmental influences and interactions. Many of the underlying mechanisms that contribute to oil yield are still poorly understood. In this study, we used a microarray approach to study the gene expression profiles of mesocarp tissue at different developmental stages, comparing genetically related high- and low- oil yielding palms to identify genes that contributed to the higher oil-yielding palm and might contribute to the wider genetic improvement of oil palm breeding populations.ResultsA total of 3412 (2001 annotated) gene candidates were found to be significantly differentially expressed between high- and low-yielding palms at at least one of the different stages of mesocarp development evaluated. Gene Ontologies (GO) enrichment analysis identified 28 significantly enriched GO terms, including regulation of transcription, fatty acid biosynthesis and metabolic processes. These differentially expressed genes comprise several transcription factors, such as, bHLH, Dof zinc finger proteins and MADS box proteins. Several genes involved in glycolysis, TCA, and fatty acid biosynthesis pathways were also found up-regulated in high-yielding oil palm, among them; pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component Subunit Beta (PDH), ATP-citrate lyase, β- ketoacyl-ACP synthases I (KAS I), β- ketoacyl-ACP synthases III (KAS III) and ketoacyl-ACP reductase (KAR). Sucrose metabolism-related genes such as Invertase, Sucrose Synthase 2 and Sucrose Phosphatase 2 were found to be down-regulated in high-yielding oil palms, compared to the lower yield palms.ConclusionsOur findings indicate that a higher carbon flux (channeled through down-regulation of the Sucrose Synthase 2 pathway) was being utilized by up-regulated genes involved in glycolysis, TCA and fatty acid biosynthesis leading to enhanced oil production in the high-yielding oil palm. These findings are an important stepping stone to understand the processes that lead to production of high-yielding oil palms and have implications for breeding to maximize oil production.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-017-3855-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

show abstract

“…Although various marker systems have been used to assess date palm genetics (Meerow et al 2012 ), there has been only a small amount done in the United States. The fi rst widely disseminated report on their use in date palm genetic analysis was by Cao and Chao ( 2002 ).…”

Section: Cultivar Identifi Cationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Date Palm Status and Perspective in the United States

Krueger

2015

Date Palm Genetic Resources and Utilization

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The date industry in the United States is small in comparison with that of many other date-producing countries. The United States has no indigenous date palm ( Phoenix dactylifera L.) germplasm, so the industry developed using imported cultivars in the early years of the twentieth century. Due to its specifi c climatic requirements, date production in the United States is confi ned to the low-elevation desert areas in California and Arizona. Date production has centered in the Coachella Valley of Riverside County, California, but has recently expanded into the Bard Valley of Imperial County, California, and Yuma County, California. The dominant cultivar is Deglet Noor but recent plantings are primarily Medjool, and this is becoming the dominant economic cultivar. The US industry is highly mechanized compared to the date industry in most other countries. The primary use of dates produced in the United States is for fresh consumption, but small amounts of processed products are also produced. Production practices, handling, and research activities are also discussed.

show abstract

Coconut, Date, and Oil Palm Genomics

Cited by 16 publications

References 186 publications

Unambiguous and Low-Cost Determination of Growth Rates and Ages of Tropical Trees and Palms

Unambiguous and Low-Cost Determination of Growth Rates and Ages of Tropical Trees and Palms

Differential gene expression at different stages of mesocarp development in high- and low-yielding oil palm

Date Palm Status and Perspective in the United States

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About