Coconut Breeding in India

Nair, R. V.; Jerard, B. A.; Thomas, Rachel

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-22518-0_7

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Being a perennial crop with a long gestation period, coconut requires enormous land and other resources for experimentation. Nonetheless, breeding approaches have yielded improved cultivars of coconut for specific traits and productivity levels (Nair et al 2016). Some of the instances of successful breeding efforts are the development of coconut hybrids involving dwarfs and talls that have yielded intermediate forms, which are early bearing, disease resistant, and give high economic yields.…”

Section: Referencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breeding Climate-Resilient Bananas

Brown

Carpentier

Swennen

2020

Genomic Designing of Climate-Smart Fruit Crops

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Section: Referencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breeding Climate-Resilient Bananas

Brown

Carpentier

Swennen

2020

Genomic Designing of Climate-Smart Fruit Crops

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“…In India, Tamil Nadu is the second largest coconut producing state having annual production of about 3701.01 thousand metric tonnes (indiastat, 2019-2020). The coconut palms are popularly called as "Kalpa Viruksha" which means tree of life because of its valuable importance to humans (Nair et al,2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecofriendly management of Coconut Rhinoceros Beetle Grubs, Oryctes rhinoceros Linnaeus (Scarabaeidae: Coleoptera) using Botanical Extracts under Laboratory Condition

Manivasagam¹,

Muthuswami²,

Srinivasan³

et al. 2022

EEC

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Coconut rhinoceros beetle, Oryctes rhinoceros L. (Scarabaeidae: Coleoptera) is a serious pest which causes greatest impediment in the early establishment of juvenile palms. The experiment was conducted to test the insecticidal property of different botanical extracts (Aqueous extract) viz., Neem based products (Neem cake, Neem leaf, Neem oil), Vitex (Vitex negundo) leaf, veldt grape (Cissus quadrangularis) leaf, Holy basil (Ocimum sanctum)leaf and Sweet flag (Acorus calamus) Rhizomeagainst the 2 nd and 3 rd instar grubs of Coconut Rhinoceros Beetle, O. rhinoceros. It was founded that Neem cake 30% was highly effective against Rhinoceros Beetle grubsthat elicits 54.00% and 50.00% mortality in case of 2 nd and3 rd instar grubs respectively. Followed by Neem cake, Neem oil shows good response of 49.33% and 40.67% mortality over 2 nd and 3 rd instar grubs. The mortality data fits good with the probit data in regard with chi-square(÷ 2 ) value. The lowest LC 50 value (22.31%,26.19%) was obtained in Neem cake treatment in both 2 nd and 3 rd instar respectively. Followed by Neem cake, Neem oil, Acorus calamusRhizome extract,Neem leaf extract, Vitex negundo leaf extract, Cissus quadrangularis leaf extract and Ocimum sanctum leaf extract having median lethal concentrations of about 30. 07, 52.86, 63.11, 74.37, 85.42 and 85.53%. In case 3 rd instar followed by Neem cake, Acorus calamus leaf extract,Neem oil, Neem leaf extract,Vitex negundo leaf extract, Cissus quadrangularis leaf extract and Ocimum sanctum leaf extract having median lethal concentrations of 38. 00, 54.71,72.79, 95.35,95.71and 99.60%. Thus, the mortality data and LC 50 value shows among different treatment Neem Cake shows high efficacy then compared to the others. Hence, it can be utilized for the effective management of Rhinoceros beetle grubs in case of immature larval stages by using drenching method.

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“…Tall palms are preferred for their copra, coconut oil, and fiber, while dwarfs are sought out for their sweet tender nut water, resistance to phytoplasma disease, and ornamental value. Dwarfs are utilized in breeding programs with talls to create hybrids to exploit hybrid vigor (Nair et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The perennial nature of the palm, its long juvenile phase, inherent high levels of heterozygosity, the requirement of a large area of land for experimentation, and lack of techniques for mass vegetative propagation of palms with superior traits have been major impediments and create complications in breeding efforts (Nair et al, 2016). Availability of coconut genomic resources can revolutionize coconut breeding and aid in investigating and uncovering the complex pathways, which underlay phenotypic variations of traits of importance such as nut yield, copra content, oil yield, oil quality, dwarfism, fruit color, and disease resistance, among others.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assembly and Annotation of the Nuclear and Organellar Genomes of a Dwarf Coconut (Chowghat Green Dwarf) Possessing Enhanced Disease Resistance

Muliyar

Chowdappa

Behera

et al. 2020

OMICS: A Journal of Integrative Biology

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Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.), an important source of vegetable oil, nutraceuticals, functional foods, and housing materials, provides raw materials for a repertoire of industries engaged in the manufacture of cosmetics, soaps, detergents, paints, varnishes, and emulsifiers, among other products. The palm plays a vital role in maintaining and promoting the sustainability of farming systems of the fragile ecosystems of islands and coastal regions of the tropics. In this study, we present the genome of a dwarf coconut variety ''Chowghat Green Dwarf'' (CGD) from India, possessing enhanced resistance to root (wilt) disease. Utilizing short reads from the Illumina HiSeq 4000 platform and long reads from the Pacific Biosciences RSII platform, we have assembled the draft genome assembly of 1.93 Gb. The genome is distributed over 26,855 scaffolds, with *81.56% of the assembled genome present in scaffolds of lengths longer than 50 kb. About 77.29% of the genome was composed of transposable elements and repeats. Gene prediction yielded 51,953 genes, which upon stringent filtering, based on Annotation Edit Distance, resulted in 13,707 genes, which coded for 11,181 proteins. Among these, we gathered transcript level evidence for a total of 6828 predicted genes based on the RNA-Seq data from different coconut tissues, since they presented assembled transcripts within the genome annotation coordinates. A total of 112 nucleotide-binding and leucine-rich repeat loci, belonging to six classes, were detected. We have also undertaken the assembly and annotation of the CGD chloroplast and mitochondrial genomes. The availability of the dwarf coconut genome shall prove invaluable for deducing the origin of dwarf coconut cultivars, dissection of genes controlling plant habit and fruit color, and accelerated breeding for improved agronomic traits.

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Coconut Breeding in India

Cited by 15 publications

References 20 publications

Breeding Climate-Resilient Bananas

Breeding Climate-Resilient Bananas

Ecofriendly management of Coconut Rhinoceros Beetle Grubs, Oryctes rhinoceros Linnaeus (Scarabaeidae: Coleoptera) using Botanical Extracts under Laboratory Condition

Assembly and Annotation of the Nuclear and Organellar Genomes of a Dwarf Coconut (Chowghat Green Dwarf) Possessing Enhanced Disease Resistance

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