Cocoa flavanol effects on markers of oxidative stress and recovery after muscle damage protocol in elite rugby players

Carvalho, Fabíola Galbiatti de; Fisher, Mitchell Garant; Thornley, Todd T.; Roemer, Karen; Pritchett, Robert; Freitas, Ellen Cristini de; Pritchett, Kelly

doi:10.1016/j.nut.2018.10.035

Cited by 14 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Based on the results of the current research, no significant differences were found following the addition of CF. This study corroborates previous findings that suggest an acute dose of CF has no significant impact on measures of muscle function, or measures of perceived soreness (de Carvalho et al, 2019;Morgan et al, 2018;Peschek et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Furthermore, this study targeted the hamstring muscle group as the location for inducing muscle damage when previous studies targeted the quadriceps (de Carvalho et al, 2019;Morgan et al, 2018;Peschek et al, 2013). The knee flexors are ostensibly more susceptible to muscle damage than the knee extensors following eccentric exercise (Chen, Lin, Chen, Lin, & Nosaka, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regarding muscle recovery and exercise, research has shown that acute (single dose on day of exercise stimulus) and sub-chronic (regular intake for ≥14 days) CF supplementation of ≥200 mg reduces exercise-induced oxidative stress (Allgrove et al, 2011;Davison, Callister, Williamson, Cooper, & Gleeson, 2012). Furthermore, in relation to exercise, the ingestion of CF may improve sprint performance by potentially preventing ROS-increased calcium sensitivity of myofilaments within working muscles, therefore, delaying fatigue (de Carvalho et al, 2019;Patel, Brouner, & Spendiff, 2015). However, evidence is lacking regarding the impact of CF on markers of muscle recovery, such as perturbations in muscle function and an increase of perceived soreness.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Acute Consumption of Varied Doses of Cocoa Flavanols Does Not Influence Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage

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Pufal

et al. 2020

International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism

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Polyphenol consumption has become a popular method of trying to temper muscle damage. Cocoa flavanols (CF) have attracted attention due to their high polyphenol content and palatability. As such, this study will investigate whether an acute dose of CF can aid recovery following exercise-induced muscle damage. The study was a laboratory-based, randomized, single-blind, nutrient-controlled trial involving 23 participants (13 females and 10 males). Participants were randomized into either control ∼0 mg CF (n = 8, four females); high dose of 830 mg CF (CF830, n = 8, five females); or supra dose of 1,245 mg CF (CF1245, n = 7, four females). The exercise-induced muscle damage protocol consisted of five sets of 10 maximal concentric/eccentric hamstring curls and immediately consumed their assigned drink following completion. To measure muscle recovery, maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) of the knee flexors at 60° and 30°, a visual analog scale (VAS), and lower-extremity function scale were taken at baseline, immediately, 24-, 48-, and 72-hr postexercise-induced muscle damage. There was a main effect for time for all variables (p < .05). However, no significant differences were observed between groups for all measures (p ≥ .17). At 48 hr, there were large effect sizes between control and CF1245 for MVIC60 (p = .17, d = 0.8); MVIC30 (p = .26, d = 0.8); MVIC30 percentage change (p = .24 d = 0.9); and visual analog scale (p = .25, d = 0.9). As no significant differences were observed following the consumption of CF, there is reason to believe that CF offer no benefit for muscle recovery when ingested acutely.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Acute Consumption of Varied Doses of Cocoa Flavanols Does Not Influence Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage

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Field

Pufal

et al. 2020

International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism

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“…Eight studies administered polyphenols in the form of solid chocolate [46,47,48,49,50,51,52], while five studies examined the effects of cocoa polyphenols in a liquid formulation [53,54,55,56,57]. The number of polyphenols tested was rather varied, ranging from 36 to 1000 mg, administered in an acute (2 h before exercise), sub-chronic (for 2 weeks before exercise), and chronic (up to three months before exercise) fashion.…”

Section: Effects Of Cocoa Polyphenols On Exercise-induced Oxidativmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The selected studies examined the effects of cocoa polyphenol supplementation on the exercise-mediated deregulation of oxidative redox status by evaluating markers of oxidative damage (including malondialdehyde [MDA], 4-hydroxynonenal [4HNE], F2-isoprostane, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances [TBARS], and protein carbonylation) and antioxidant protection (glutathione and total antioxidant status—TAS) [46,47,48,50,52,53,54,55,57,58]. Three studies analyzed the effects of the acute administration of cocoa polyphenols on exercise-induced oxidative stress (Table 1).…”

Section: Effects Of Cocoa Polyphenols On Exercise-induced Oxidativmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Cocoa Products and Its Polyphenolic Constituents on Exercise Performance and Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage and Inflammation: A Review of Clinical Trials

et al. 2019

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In recent years, the consumption of chocolate and, in particular, dark chocolate has been “rehabilitated” due to its high content of cocoa antioxidant polyphenols. Although it is recognized that regular exercise improves energy metabolism and muscle performance, excessive or unaccustomed exercise may induce cell damage and impair muscle function by triggering oxidative stress and tissue inflammation. The aim of this review was to revise the available data from literature on the effects of cocoa polyphenols on exercise-associated tissue damage and impairment of exercise performance. To this aim, PubMed and Web of Science databases were searched with the following keywords: “intervention studies”, “cocoa polyphenols”, “exercise training”, “inflammation”, “oxidative stress”, and “exercise performance”. We selected thirteen randomized clinical trials on cocoa ingestion that involved a total of 200 well-trained athletes. The retrieved data indicate that acute, sub-chronic, and chronic cocoa polyphenol intake may reduce exercise-induced oxidative stress but not inflammation, while mixed results are observed in terms of exercise performance and recovery. The interpretation of available results on the anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activities of cocoa polyphenols remains questionable, likely due to the variety of physiological networks involved. Further experimental studies are mandatory to clarify the role of cocoa polyphenol supplementation in exercise-mediated inflammation.

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Effectiveness of supplementation with date seed (Phoenix dactylifera) as a functional food on inflammatory markers, muscle damage, and BDNF following high-intensity interval training: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

2023

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Cocoa flavanol effects on markers of oxidative stress and recovery after muscle damage protocol in elite rugby players

Cited by 14 publications

References 20 publications

Acute Consumption of Varied Doses of Cocoa Flavanols Does Not Influence Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage

Acute Consumption of Varied Doses of Cocoa Flavanols Does Not Influence Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage

Effect of Cocoa Products and Its Polyphenolic Constituents on Exercise Performance and Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage and Inflammation: A Review of Clinical Trials

Effectiveness of supplementation with date seed (Phoenix dactylifera) as a functional food on inflammatory markers, muscle damage, and BDNF following high-intensity interval training: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

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