Cocoa and Its By-Products: Identification and Utilization

Oddoye, E.O.K.; Agyente-Badu, Christian K.; Gyedu‐Akoto, Esther

doi:10.1007/978-1-61779-803-0_3

Cited by 58 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 14 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Others reported that feeds with more than 10% CPH could have an adverse effect on the growth of poultry [31]. The latter could be due to the high fibre content of CPH, which most likely reduced their digestibility and increased gut viscosity in these monogastric animals [32].…”

Section: Animal Feed 33mentioning

confidence: 99%

Valorisation strategies for cocoa pod husk and its fractions

Lü

Rodríguez-García

Damme

et al. 2018

Current Opinion in Green and Sustainable Chemistry

115

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cocoa pod husk (CPH) is the main by-product (ca. 70-75% weight of whole fruit) of the cocoa harvest, an important and economic crop in developing countries. It is a rich source of minerals (particularly potassium), fibre (including lignin, cellulose, hemicellulose and pectin) and antioxidants (e.g. phenolic acids). An existing practise is the return of CPH to soil with potential benefits (or disadvantages) for cocoa productivity and soil sustainability that have not been fully characterised. Currently, alternative low-value applications of CPH include its use as animal feed, as a starting material for soap making and activated carbon. Other biotechnological valorisation potentials for CPH and its fractions include the production of bio-fuels and their incorporation in food systems. Physical, chemical or biological pretreatment approaches are needed in order to achieve desirable fractions in a cost-effective and sustainable manner for novel applications in food and non-food sectors.

show abstract

Section: Animal Feed 33mentioning

confidence: 99%

Valorisation strategies for cocoa pod husk and its fractions

Lü

Rodríguez-García

Damme

et al. 2018

Current Opinion in Green and Sustainable Chemistry

115

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Several studies have been conducted dealing with the conversion of CPHs into useful products, such as pyrolysis oil [9], biochar [10], potash [11], and animals feeds [12]. Only a few studies have quantified and examined CPHs as a potential feedstock for energy generation with respect to the quantity of cocoa beans produced in a particular geographical location.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification and characterization of cocoa pod husks for electricity generation in Uganda

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Due to limited coverage, the electricity power supply in Uganda is an obstacle to the country's economic development. Utility firms in Uganda either lack the financial capacity to expand their grids to isolated rural areas or choose not to do so due to the low return on investment. Therefore, connecting households to minigrids represents an effective solution to providing power to remote/rural areas. This study evaluates the resource and technology of generating electrical energy from cocoa pod husks (CPHs), an agricultural residue/waste, generated in Uganda. The use of agricultural waste for energy generation is the most suitable option for the rural population in Uganda because of the availability of a raw material (biomass) for its production, which is pollutionfree (renewable and clean) and does not have competition for use. The inability to convert these solid wastes into useful products culminates into environmental related challenges, such as landfilling, climate change, pests, and diseases. Therefore, the aim of this study is to quantify the amount of generated CPHs and evaluate its potential for electricity generation in Uganda. Subsequently, we have been looking into the potential of CPHs as a feedstock for a thermochemical conversion process and the feasibility of a direct combustion technology. Results: The amount of CPHs generated in Uganda has been estimated. The physiochemical analysis has shown that the proportion of CPHs in the fresh pods is about 74%, which is nearly the same as in other studies. The dry matter content of CPHs has been found to be on an average of 19%, whereas ash content, moisture content, and the gross caloric value have been recorded to be 12.3%, 12.58%, and 17.5%, respectively. It seems therefore likely that 41.7 GJ of energy might be produced each year from CPHs in Uganda. Conclusion: This study has demonstrated that the CPHs are an important energy source. As there is an increasing trend in cocoa and CPH production in Uganda per year, the electricity production based on CPHs is sustainable and can be upgraded. The use of CPHs for energy conversion is therefore feasible, cost-efficient, and a solution to some environmental challenges.

show abstract

“…The applicant provided publications to document the use of cocoa pulp for producing juice, jelly, alcohol, soft drinks and vinegar in Brazil (Lopez et al 1985;Figueira et al, 1993;Dias et al, 2007;Anvoh et al, 2009;Oddoye et al 2016).…”

Section: Extent Of Use Of the Tfmentioning

confidence: 99%

Technical Report on the notification of pulp from Theobroma cacao L. as a traditional food from a third country pursuant to Article 14 of Regulation (EU) 2015/2283

2019

EFSA Supporting Publications

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Following a notification from Nestec York Ltd (UK) submitted to the European Commission underArticle 14 of Regulation (EU) 2015/2283 to place on the market the pulp from Theobroma cacao L.(subjected to pasteurization and freezing) as a traditional food (TF) from a third country, and in line with Article 15(2) of that Regulation, EFSA was asked by the European Commission whether there are duly reasoned safety objections to the placing on the market of the TF within the European Union (EU). The approach of EFSA for the evaluation of TF notifications is based on the EFSA guidance for stakeholders on notifications for authorisation of TF and on the principles described in the relevant existing guidance documents from the EFSA Scientific Committee. EFSA considers that the available data on composition and history of use of the TF do not raise safety concerns. Considering the available data, EFSA does not raise safety objections to the placing on the market of the requested TF (i.e. pulp from Theobroma cacao L. -subjected to pasteurization and freezing) within the EU.

show abstract

Cocoa and Its By-Products: Identification and Utilization

Cited by 58 publications

References 14 publications

Valorisation strategies for cocoa pod husk and its fractions

Valorisation strategies for cocoa pod husk and its fractions

Quantification and characterization of cocoa pod husks for electricity generation in Uganda

Technical Report on the notification of pulp from Theobroma cacao L. as a traditional food from a third country pursuant to Article 14 of Regulation (EU) 2015/2283

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About