Cocktail of carbohydrases from Aspergillus niger: an economical and eco-friendly option for biofilm clearance from biopolymer surfaces

Abstract

Biofilm formation on both biotic and abiotic surfaces accounts for a major factor in spread of antimicrobial resistance. Due to their ubiquitous nature, biofilms are of great concern for environment as well as human health. In the present study, an integrated process for the co-production of a cocktail of carbohydrases from a natural variant of Aspergillus niger was designed. The enzyme cocktail was found to have a noteworthy potential to eradicate/disperse the biofilms of selected pathogens. For application of enzymes as an antibiofilm agent, the enzyme productivities were enhanced by statistical modelling using response surface methodology (RSM). The antibiofilm potential of the enzyme cocktail was studied in terms of (i) in vitro cell dispersal assay (ii) release of reducing sugars from the biofilm polysaccharides (iii) the effect of enzyme treatment on biofilm cells and architecture by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Potential of the enzyme cocktail to disrupt/disperse the biofilm of selected pathogens from biopolymer surfaces was also assessed by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) analysis. Further, their usage in conjunction with antibiotics was assessed and it was inferred from the results that the use of enzyme cocktail augmented the efficacy of the antibiotics. The study thus provides promising insights into the prospect of using multiple carbohydrases for management of heterogeneous biofilms formed in natural and clinical settings.

Disruption of Established Bacterial and Fungal Biofilms by a Blend of Enzymes and Botanical Extracts

“…B-1,3-glucan is a vital component of fungal biofilms including Candida species, and glucanase enzymes can break down Candida biofilms and increase susceptibility to anti-fungals [ 24 ]. Enzyme cocktails including hemicellulases have been used on industrial scales to disrupt biofilms from biopolymer surfaces [ 25 ]. Lipase digests fats in the biofilm, making this enzyme important in breaking down both fungal and bacterial biofilms [ 26 ].…”

Solid-State Fermentation as Green Technology to Improve the Use of Plant Feedstuffs as Ingredients in Diets for European Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Juveniles

“…In the present study, the bioprocessing of the PF mixture using SSF induced the production of cellulase and β-glucosidase, detected in the experimental diets. However, xylanase activity detected in the SSFed PF mixture was not detected in the experimental diets, possibly due to their lower thermostability [46] and consequent loss during the diet production and drying process. Fungi carbohydrase production and the associated lignocellulolytic matrix degradation in SSF have been reported for several plant-based ingredients.…”

Metagenomic nanopore sequencing for exploring the nature of antimicrobial metabolites of Bacillus haynesii

“…One of the promising approaches to optimize the production of certain microbial metabolites is via the use of various models implemented for statistical optimization. This approach has been successfully used for the production optimization of various secondary antibacterial metabolites such as paromomycin (Ibrahim et al 2019 ; El-Housseiny et al 2021 ; Ibrahim et al 2023 , antifungal metabolites (El-Sayed et al 2020 ), biosurfactants (El-Housseiny et al 2016 , 2020 ), probiotics against life-threatening pathogens (Mansour et al 2018 ), medically-used enzymes such as L-asparaginase (Darnal et al 2023 ), enterokinase, (Ebrahimifard et al 2022 ), staphylokinase (Shariati et al 2022 ), and carbohydrases (Kaur et al 2021 )using the response surface methodology and multifactorial design. Therefore, this approach could be a promising tool for the optimization procedures of the potential antibacterial metabolite produced by B. haynesii MZ922052.…”