Cochlear Damage From Ototoxic Antibiotics By Intratympanic Application

Kohonen, A; Tarkkanen, J.

doi:10.3109/00016486909121547

Cited by 92 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Kohonen and Tarkkannen were among the first to describe topical aminoglycoside ototoxicity in an animal model (1). They reported significant histological damage in animals following instillation of high-concentration neomycin solution into guinea pig middle ears.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Topical Aminoglycoside Ototoxicity: Attempting to Protect the Cochlea

Conlon

Smith²

2000

Acta Oto-Laryngologica

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Cochlear damage following topical application of aminoglycoside antibiotics to the round window membrane is a recognized phenomenon in both animal experiments and clinical reports. The authors have recently reported the ability of the free radical scavenging agent, alpha lipoic acid, to protect against the cochleo-toxic side effects of systemically administered aminoglycoside antibiotics. This study attempts to determine if the protective effect of this free radical scavenging agent is also seen following topical aminoglycoside application. Animals were implanted with osmotic pumps which delivered 2.5 microl/h solution of either neomycin 5% or neomycin plus alpha lipoic acid (50 mg/ml). Control animals received normal saline solution. Drug solutions were presented directly to the round window membrane over a 7-day period. Auditory sensitivity was monitored using compound action potentials (CAPs) of the auditory nerve recorded through an implanted chronic electrode terminating at the round window. Sixteen animals were entered into the study and randomized to one of the above groups. All animals receiving neomycin solution, with or without alpha lipoic acid, maintained normal thresholds for the first 3 days of the treatment period. Animals receiving neomycin solution alone experienced profound and rapid deterioration in auditory sensitivity, which was maximal by day 6. Animals receiving neomycin plus alpha lipoic acid also experienced significant cochlear damage; however, the rate of deterioration was slower than that seen in the group receiving neomycin alone. All control animals receiving saline maintained good hearing thresholds throughout the treatment period.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Topical Aminoglycoside Ototoxicity: Attempting to Protect the Cochlea

Conlon

Smith²

2000

Acta Oto-Laryngologica

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“…Consequently the mortality rate in these experiments is relatively high. A modification of the deafening method we used is the transtympanal application of antibiotics [20][21][22]. In contrast to our technique, a great amount of antibiotic solution is placed into the middle ear without microperforation of the round window membrane.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Method for the Induction of a Cochlea-Specific Auditory Deprivation in the Gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus)

Hessel¹,

Walger²,

Ernst³

et al. 1998

ORL

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The neurophysiological effects of early electrical stimulation on the development and neural plasticity of the central auditory system in prelingually deafened children with cochlear implants are still unknown. Many of these basic questions can be answered systematically only in animal experiments. Meriones unguiculatus is a well-established animal model in hearing research. Deafening is produced by a single intracochlear application of an ototoxic aminoglycoside antibiotic (neomycin sulfate) on the 14th day after birth (DAB), i.e. before the late natural onset of hearing on the 16th DAB. A single application of the antibiotic abolishes auditory brainstem responses (ABR) to clicks completely and reduces sensitivity to low frequency tonebursts by 50 dB SPL. Scanning electron microscopy results show a destruction of the stereocilia of the inner and outer hair cells of the basal and medial cochlear turn and a reduction of those in the apical turn. Our method avoids a systemic application of antibiotics and can be used in studies dealing with the consequences of different forms of auditory deprivation, neuronal compensation processes or with ontogenetic studies and chronic electrostimulation in an animal model.

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“…Im überwiegenden Teil der Studien, die sich mit den Auswirkungen einer monauralen Deprivation beschäfti-gen, wurde der Schwerpunkt der Untersuchungen jedoch ausschließlich auf die deprivierte Seite gelegt. Einige wenige Untersuchungen berücksichtigen auch die morphologischen Verände-rungen auf der kontralateralen Seite [1,2,10,13].…”

Section: Einfluß Monauraler Deprivation Auf Die Reifung Der Hörbahn Bunclassified

Einfluß monauraler Deprivation auf die Reifung der Hörbahn bei der mongolischen Wüstenrennmaus (Meriones unguiculatus)

Ernst

Foerst

Hessel

et al. 2000

HNO

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Several investigations prove that monaural acoustic deprivation induces detrimental changes in the auditory pathway. So far the major interest focused on degenerative processes on the deprived side, while effects on the contralateral untreated side were not taken into consideration. This ontogenetic study investigates effects of early monaural acoustic deprivation on the functional development of the acoustically evoked auditory brainstem response (ABR) in the Mongolian gerbil. Young gerbils were deafened by a single intracochlear application of neomycin sulfate. The ABR development on the contralateral side differed in a late developmental period from that of normally hearing animals. These changes persisted until adulthood. Between day 55 and day 90 a significant 5 dB decrease of the ABR thresholds and a significant shortening of the interpeak latency II-V occurred. The results confirm that a complete monaural deprivation during the sensible or critical period leads on the contralateral side to plastic or compensatory changes in the auditory brainstem.

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Cochlear Damage From Ototoxic Antibiotics By Intratympanic Application

Cited by 92 publications

References 3 publications

Topical Aminoglycoside Ototoxicity: Attempting to Protect the Cochlea

Topical Aminoglycoside Ototoxicity: Attempting to Protect the Cochlea

A Method for the Induction of a Cochlea-Specific Auditory Deprivation in the Gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus)

Einfluß monauraler Deprivation auf die Reifung der Hörbahn bei der mongolischen Wüstenrennmaus (Meriones unguiculatus)

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