Coccidioidomycosis: Clinical Update

Ampel, Neil M.; Wieden, Marion A.; Galgiani, John N.

doi:10.1093/clinids/11.6.897

Cited by 75 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 150 publications

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“…14 Dissemination to sites such as skin, bones, joints, and the central nervous system occurs in Ͻ 1% of exposed persons. 31 Peripheral blood eosinophilia has been suggested as a marker of dissemination of primary coccidioidomycosis and an indicator of a poor prognosis. 15,32 On the other hand, in this study, all seven patients responded well to treatment with antifungal agents.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Localization of eosinophil granule major basic protein in paracoccidioidomycosis lesions.

Wagner

Franco

Kephart

et al. 1998

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Paracoccidioidomycosis is a chronic granulomatous disease caused by the fungus Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. Although eosinophils have long been associated with the immune defense against helminths, the role of eosinophils in the immune response to fungal diseases is not as well studied. The eosinophil granule major basic protein is toxic to helminths and mammalian cells in vitro, and its release has been used as a marker of eosinophil localization and degranulation. To determine whether eosinophil infiltration and degranulation, as evidenced by the deposition of major basic protein, occur in lesions of P. brasiliensis, we used an immunofluorescence technique to localize the P. brasiliensis organisms and eosinophils and major basic protein. Initially, all tissues were stained with polyclonal antibody to major basic protein; subsequently, colocalization of major basic protein and P. brasiliensis by double staining with mouse and rabbit antibodies, respectively, was performed. Nine biopsy tissues from seven patients were analyzed. All nine biopsies showed infiltration of intact eosinophils using both the monoclonal and the polyclonal anti-major basic protein antibodies, along with the presence of P. brasiliensis. Furthermore, using the polyclonal antimajor basic protein antibody, nine of nine tissues showed extracellular major basic protein deposition (granular or diffuse fluorescence staining outside of intact eosinophils). The double staining procedure using the anti-major basic protein monoclonal antibody showed extracellular deposition in five of eight biopsies; in these five biopsies, approximately 60% of the areas containing P. brasiliensis had extracellular major basic protein deposited on the organisms. These observations support the hypothesis that the eosinophil, through toxic granule proteins such as major basic protein, participates in the pathophysiology of paracoccidioidomycosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Localization of eosinophil granule major basic protein in paracoccidioidomycosis lesions.

Wagner

Franco

Kephart

et al. 1998

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…Most immunocompetent individuals who develop coccidioidomycosis remain asymptomatic or experience a relatively mild, self-limiting respiratory tract infection [2][3][4][5][6]9]. Disseminated coccidioidomycosis extending beyond the pulmonary parenchyma or hilar lymph nodes occurs in <1% of the general population [2][3][4][5][6]9].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Coccidioidomycosis in Liver Transplant Patients

Holt¹,

Winston²,

Kubak³

et al. 1997

Clinical Infectious Diseases

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“…The route of exposure is primarily through inhalation of arthroconidia and rarely percutaneous infection by skin laceration. 5 Recently, the incidence of infection with coccidioidomycosis has risen to approximately 150, 000 per year in the US due to population increases in southern Arizona and central California. Sixty percent of these patients are asymptomatic, and the rest have presentations ranging from "flu-like" illness (approximately 15%) to pneumonia (Valley fever) that becomes evident one to three weeks after infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mediastinal mass: an unusual presentation of coccidioidomycosis

Umer

Ahmed

2014

SW Resp Crit Care Chron

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Coccidioidomycosis is an endemic fungal disease, found mainly in the southwesternUnited States, northwestern Mexico, and some areas of Brazil and Argentina. Clinicalmanifestations vary depending upon both the extent of infection and the immune statusof the host. Pneumonia is the most common clinical presentation, and it rarely involvesthe central nervous system, skin, and bones. Patients with coccidioidomycosis usuallyrespond well to therapy if diagnosed and treated promptly. Here we report a rare caseof coccidioidomycosis infection in an immunocompromised host who presented with amediastinal mass.

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Coccidioidomycosis: Clinical Update

Cited by 75 publications

References 150 publications

Localization of eosinophil granule major basic protein in paracoccidioidomycosis lesions.

Localization of eosinophil granule major basic protein in paracoccidioidomycosis lesions.

Coccidioidomycosis in Liver Transplant Patients

Mediastinal mass: an unusual presentation of coccidioidomycosis

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