Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) peptide- immunopositive neuronal elements in the lateral septum: Rostrocaudal distribution in the male rat

Janzsó, G.; Valcz, Gábor; Thuma, Ákos; Szőke, Balázs; Lendvai, Zsuzsanna; Ábrahám, Hajnalka; Kozicz, Tamás; Halasy, Katalin

doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2010.09.079

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In the forebrain of both LETO and young, non-obese non-diabetic OLETF animals, the distribution of CART-IR was identical to that reported in previous studies (Janzso et al, 2010; Koylu et al, 1997, 1998; Seress et al, 2004). …”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) peptide immunoreactivity in feeding- and reward-related brain areas of young OLETF rats

Armbruszt

Ábrahám

Figler

et al. 2013

Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy

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Cocaine- and amphetamine regulated transcript (CART) peptide is expressed in brain areas involved in the control of appetite, drug reward and homeostatic regulation and it has an overall anorexigenic effect. Recently, we have shown that CART peptide immunoreactivity was significantly reduced in the rostral part of the nucleus accumbens and in the rostro-medial part of the nucleus of the solitary tract in adult CCK-1 receptor deficient obese diabetic Otsuka Long Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats compared to Long Evans Tokushima Otsuka (LETO) lean controls. It is not clear, however, whether altered CART expression is caused primarily by the deficiency in CCK-1 signaling or whether is related to the obese and diabetic phenotype of the OLETF strain which develops at a later age. Therefore, in the present study, CART-immunoreaction in feeding-related areas of the brain was compared in young, age-matched (6-7 weeks old) non-obese, non-diabetic OLETF rats and in LETO controls. We found that, young, non-diabetic OLETF rats revealed unaltered distribution of CART-peptide expressing neurons and axons throughout the brain when compared to age-matched LETO rats. In contrast to previous results observed in the obese diabetic adult rats, intensity of CART immunoreaction did not differ in the areas related to control of food-intake and reward in the young OLETFs compared to young LETO rats. Our findings suggest that factors secondary to obesity and/or diabetes rather than impaired CCK-1 receptor signaling may contribute to altered CART expression in the OLETF strain.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) peptide immunoreactivity in feeding- and reward-related brain areas of young OLETF rats

Armbruszt

Ábrahám

Figler

et al. 2013

Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy

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“…These routes are summarized in Figure 4 and in the following statements. The LH sends projections to the LS (Deller et al, 1994 ) which contain orexin, MCH, CART, GABA, and potentially other neurotransmitters (Bittencourt et al, 1992 ; Broberger, 1999 ; Baldo et al, 2003 ; Janzsó et al, 2010 ). Also, opioids that originate from the LH (Fallon and Leslie, 1986 ) could directly mediate feeding behavior via the caudal LS (Stanley et al, 1988 ), a region that receives much LH input (Risold and Swanson, 1997b ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further, both orexin and MCH fibers innervate the LS, and the LS expresses their receptors (Bittencourt et al, 1992 ; Marcus et al, 2001 ; Saito et al, 2001 ; Baldo et al, 2003 ). CART fibers also innervate the LS (Janzsó et al, 2010 ); some of these fibers likely originate from LH neurons co-expressing MCH (Broberger, 1999 ) or potentially from LepRb neurons co-transmitting GABA (Patterson et al, 2011 ; Laque et al, 2013 ). It is unclear whether orexin, MCH, CART, or GABA neurotransmission to the LS can directly affect food intake, though orexin can control food anticipatory behavior.…”

Section: Indirect Lh To Acb Pathwaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct hypothalamic and indirect trans-pallidal, trans-thalamic, or trans-septal control of accumbens signaling and their roles in food intake

Urstadt

Stanley

2015

Front. Syst. Neurosci.

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Due in part to the increasing incidence of obesity in developed nations, recent research aims to elucidate neural circuits that motivate humans to overeat. Earlier research has described how the nucleus accumbens shell (AcbSh) motivates organisms to feed by activating neuronal populations in the lateral hypothalamus (LH). However, more recent research suggests that the LH may in turn communicate with the AcbSh, both directly and indirectly, to re-tune the motivation to consume foods with homeostatic and food-related sensory signals. Here, we discuss the functional and anatomical evidence for an LH to AcbSh connection and its role in eating behaviors. The LH appears to modulate Acb activity directly, using neurotransmitters such as hypocretin/orexin or melanin concentrating hormone (MCH). The LH also indirectly regulates AcbSh activity through certain subcortical “relay” regions, such as the lateral septum (LS), ventral pallidum (VP), and paraventricular thalamus, using a variety of neurotransmitters. This review aims to summarize studies on these topics and outline a model by which LH circuits processing energy balance can modulate AcbSh neural activity to regulate feeding behavior.

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“…In the brain, CART immunoreactivity is present in the large dense‐core vesicles of the nerve terminals, indicating its neurosecretory pathway 3 . In addition, CART peptides are highly expressed in many regions of the brain associated with appetite and feeding, such as the arcuate and paraventricular nuclei and the nucleus tractus solitarius 10–12 . Studies have demonstrated the colocalization of CART peptides with both orexigenic and anorexigenic peptides in different parts of the brain 11,13 .…”

Section: Brain Distribution Of Cartmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, CART peptides are highly expressed in many regions of the brain associated with appetite and feeding, such as the arcuate and paraventricular nuclei and the nucleus tractus solitarius 10–12 . Studies have demonstrated the colocalization of CART peptides with both orexigenic and anorexigenic peptides in different parts of the brain 11,13 . The CART peptides are largely synthesized within the mesolimbic dopamine (DA) system, which is critical in reward and drug addiction behaviour in the brain, 14,15 including the ventral tegmental area (VTA), the nucleus accumbens (NAc; predominantly in the shell of the NAc) and the ventral pallidum (VP) 15,16 .…”

Section: Brain Distribution Of Cartmentioning

confidence: 99%

Roles of cocaine‐ and amphetamine‐regulated transcript in the central nervous system

Zhang¹,

Han²,

Xu³

2012

Clin Exp Pharma Physio

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1. Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART), first isolated from the ovine hypothalamus, is a potential neurotransmitter widely distributed throughout the central and peripheral nervous systems, as well as in endocrine cells in the pituitary and adrenal glands, pancreatic islets and stomach. 2. Numerous studies have established the role of CART in food intake, maintenance of bodyweight, stress control, reward and pain transmission. Recently, it was demonstrated that CART, as a neurotrophic peptide, had a cerebroprotective against focal ischaemic stroke and inhibited the neurotoxicity of β-amyloid protein, which focused attention on the role of CART in the central nervous system (CNS) and neurological diseases. 3. In fact, little is known about the way in which CART peptide interacts with its receptors, initiates downstream cascades and finally exerts its neuroprotective effect under normal or pathological conditions. The literature indicates that there are many factors, such as regulation of the immunological system and protection against energy failure, that may be involved in the cerebroprotection afforded by CART. 4. The present review provides a brief summary of the current literature on CART synthesis and active fragments, its distribution in the CNS and, in particular, the role of CART peptide (and its receptors and signalling) in neurological diseases.

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Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) peptide- immunopositive neuronal elements in the lateral septum: Rostrocaudal distribution in the male rat

Cited by 10 publications

References 27 publications

Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) peptide immunoreactivity in feeding- and reward-related brain areas of young OLETF rats

Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) peptide immunoreactivity in feeding- and reward-related brain areas of young OLETF rats

Direct hypothalamic and indirect trans-pallidal, trans-thalamic, or trans-septal control of accumbens signaling and their roles in food intake

Roles of cocaine‐ and amphetamine‐regulated transcript in the central nervous system

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