Lithium ion batteries (LIBs) have received worldwide attention as power sources for electric vehicles (EVs) and portable energy storage. [1] However, research to address the limited cycle life, rate capability, energy density, safety concern and cost issue of commercialized LiCoO 2 (LCO), LiNi x Mn y Co z O 2 (NMC), LiNi 0.80 Co 0.15 Al 0.05 O 2 (NCA) and LiFePO 4 (LFP) is still ongoing for their large-scale application in EVs and the electricity grid. [1b] The lithium-and manganese-rich (LMR) layered structure cathode materials xLi 2 MnO 3 ·(1−x)LiMO 2 (M = Ni, Co, Mn or combinations) have entered the spotlight becauseThe lithium-and manganese-rich (LMR) layered structure cathodes exhibit one of the highest specific energies (≈900 W h kg −1 ) among all the cathode materials. However, the practical applications of LMR cathodes are still hindered by several significant challenges, including voltage fade, large initial capacity loss, poor rate capability and limited cycle life. Herein, we review the recent progress and in depth understandings on the application of LMR cathode materials from a practical point of view. Several key parameters of LMR cathodes that affect the LMR/graphite full-cell operation are systematically analyzed. These factors include the first-cycle capacity loss, voltage fade, powder tap density, and electrode density. New approaches to minimize the detrimental effects of these factors are highlighted in this work. We also provide perspectives for the future research on LMR cathode materials, focusing on addressing the fundamental problems of LMR cathodes while keeping practical considerations in mind. Center. Cho' current research is focused on high-energydensity cathode and anode materials and their direct implantation in ful-cell systems, as well as metal-air batteries and redox flow batteries for energy storage.Ji-Guang (Jason) Zhang is a Laboratory Fellow of the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. He is the group leader for PNNL's efforts in energy storage for transportation applications and has 25-year experience in the development of energy storage devices, including Li-ion batteries, Li-air batteries, Li-metal batteries, Li-S batteries, and thin-film solid-state batteries.