Coaxial Control of Aluminum and Steel Laser Brazing Processes

Frank, Sascha; Ungers, Michael; Rolser, Raphael

doi:10.1016/j.phpro.2011.03.094

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…To ensure optical seam quality, the wetting process in laser brazing is of major importance [9]. As an example, the mechanism of pore formation is described by Frank et al as the formation of constrictions in the area of the wetting front as a consequence of a temporary interruption of the wire feed [10]. However, such a constriction formation is not only observed during disturbed process behavior.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of the ratio between the wire and process velocities on the wetting process during laser brazing

Mattulat

Woizeschke

2020

Prod. Eng. Res. Devel.

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Laser brazing is used in automotive production for the joining of car body parts with customer-visible seams, whereby the highest optical seam quality is demanded. During the wetting process, a constriction formation can occur within the molten brazing material, which subsequently collapses; this induces a stepwise progression of the wetting front, thereby decreasing the optical seam quality. The aim of this study is to investigate the influence of the wire and process velocities on this constriction formation. For this purpose, high-speed recordings of the process zone are performed during laser brazing and then evaluated concerning the wetting process. The results show that the constriction formation depends on the relationship between the process velocity and the process direction component of the wire velocity. The constriction formation only occurs when the process velocity exceeds the parallel-oriented component of the wire velocity. This constriction formation is unstable and collapses repeatedly. In this study, increasing velocity differences stabilizes the constriction existence. This stabilization correlates with a uniform wetting process and a reduced frequency of the occurrence of blowout events, probably due to improved outgassing of zinc bubbles from the melt pool.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of the ratio between the wire and process velocities on the wetting process during laser brazing

Mattulat

Woizeschke

2020

Prod. Eng. Res. Devel.

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“…They concluded that the sound joints can be obtained by BAg-8 filler metal. Laser brazing of alumina and steel was performed by Rohde et al 14 Frank and Ungers 15 developed a system for coaxial control of laser brazing process between aluminum and steel. Li et al 16 laser brazed Mg alloy to mild steel and Mg alloy to stainless steel using AZ31 filler metal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser brazing of 321 and 410 stainless steels with AMS 4777 filler metal: Experimental and numerical study

Khorram

2018

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B:

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321 and 410 stainless steels were brazed using 400 W pulsed Nd:YAG laser source with AMS 4777 filler metal for various joint clearances. Optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy were used to study the microstructure of all specimens. Mechanical properties (microhardness and tensile test) of all specimens were evaluated. The wetting, spreading, and flowing of AMS 4777 filler metal on substrates during this process were modeled using finite volume model. The equations of conservation of mass, conservation of momentum, and conservation of energy were solved in FLUENT software for calculating volume fraction and liquid fraction. AMS 4777 filler metal shows excellent wettability on the 321 and 410 stainless steels. The filler metal and specimens mainly consist of nickel solid solution (Ni), chromium boride (CrB), and nickel boride (Ni3B). The average microhardness for specimens in seam is 492 HV. The tensile strength of specimens changes from 200 up to 480 MPa due to various joint clearances. The higher tensile strength of 321 stainless steel specimens in comparison with 410 stainless steel specimens is due to less wetting angle and more spreading width of filler metal. The simulated results show that this model can be used for predicting geometry of joints at various joint clearances.

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“…The effects of joining time on the microstructures of joint and base materials, elemental distribution within the brazed joint, and the joint shear strength were investigated by them. Coaxial control of aluminum and steel laser brazing processes has been studied by Frank et al [10]. Elrefaey et al [11] carried out vacuum furnace brazing to join steel to titanium using a silver--based filler metal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative study on laser brazing of austenitic and martensitic stainless steels with silver-based filler metal

Khorram¹,

GHOREISHI²,

J.³

et al. 2016

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In the present study, laser brazing of austenitic stainless steel (type 321) and martensitic stainless steel (type 410) have been performed using 400 W pulsed Nd:YAG laser with silverbased filler metal. The microstructure was investigated using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDS). The laser brazed joints consist of α-Ag solid solution, α-Cu solid solution surrounded by the α-Ag solid solution and eutectic structure. Filler metal shows better spreading on 321 stainless steel because of more content of Ni and presence of Ti as an activator in the alloy. The average thickness of reaction layer is approximately 3.2 µm for 321 stainless steel and 2.2 µm for 410 stainless steel. The tensile strength of 321 stainless steel joints is higher than that of 410 stainless steel joints due to higher thickness of reaction layer, more spreading and smaller wetting angle. The average of micro hardness for joints in a seam is approximately 146 HV. K e y w o r d s : plaser brazing, 321 stainless steel, 410 stainless steel, silver-based filler metal,

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Coaxial Control of Aluminum and Steel Laser Brazing Processes

Cited by 11 publications

References 5 publications

The influence of the ratio between the wire and process velocities on the wetting process during laser brazing

The influence of the ratio between the wire and process velocities on the wetting process during laser brazing

Laser brazing of 321 and 410 stainless steels with AMS 4777 filler metal: Experimental and numerical study

Comparative study on laser brazing of austenitic and martensitic stainless steels with silver-based filler metal

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