Coating mass distribution from a spouted bed seed coater: Experimental and modelling studies

Liu, Lian X.; Litster, James D.

doi:10.1016/0032-5910(93)85034-7

Cited by 37 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 12 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…10. This distribution is the same mass distribution found by Liu and Litster (1992) in experimental studies of a fluidised bed coating system. Histograms of the scalar coating value, defined in Eq.…”

Section: Particlesupporting

confidence: 60%

“…To gain information about inter-particle distributions a number of careful, manual, studies have been undertaken. These include a study by Liu and Litster (1992), in which approximately one hundred representative particles were removed from the bed and weighed. The coating was then stripped by hand and the particles were reweighed to give the coating mass on each particle.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Modelling spray coating using a combined CFD–DEM and spherical harmonic formulation

Hilton

Ying

Cleary

2013

Chemical Engineering Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Particlesupporting

confidence: 60%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling spray coating using a combined CFD–DEM and spherical harmonic formulation

Hilton

Ying

Cleary

2013

Chemical Engineering Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…This means it must provide the ideal gaseous interchanges, the fixation of nitrogen and the correct concentration of micronutrients, because very thick layers impair germination of seeds by impeding gaseous interchanges, while very thin ones do not assure the ideal activity of the bacterium in the process of nitrogen fixation and may not contain the ideal amount of micronutrients. Liu and Lister (1992) observed relationship between coating mass and in natura seed mass in several types of seeds coated in a spouted bed (see Figure 2). They observed that two soybean seeds with the same mass in natura can with the have different coating masses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…So, using the treatment proposed by Liu and Lister (1992) and neglecting the agglomeration and fragmentation phenomena, Equation (1) can be rewritten as…”

Section: Model Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental study and simulation of mass distribution of the covering layer of soybean seeds coated in a spouted bed

Duarte

Neto

Lisboa

et al. 2004

Braz. J. Chem. Eng.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

-In previous work, it was observed that the covering of soybean seeds with bacteria and micronutrients enhances vigorous growth of the plant thereby avoiding use of ammoniacal fertilizers. In the spouted bed covering can be done by pulverization of the coater slurry on the soybean seeds using a pneumatic atomizer. The optimum thickness of the cover allows the fundamental gaseous interchanges for germination and provides the ideal conditions for bacterium activity. The objective of this work was to study the influence of the process variables on thickness of the cover. A simulation of the mass distribution of seeds was obtained using a population balance model. Through the results obtained the operational conditions under which the coating layer distribution were determined has the greatest uniformity.

show abstract

“…[9][10][11][12][13][14][15] Consequently, a thermodynamic scale up method adopting a water and organic solvent film coating process was proposed 16) ; it employs material balance, enthalpy balance and a heat loss factor in the approach. Although this theoretical model is a very useful method to express the situation of the film coating process, it requires the measurement of each coating machine's heat loss, and therefore demands some additional engineering work.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Scale Up Model for Prediction of Pharmaceutical Film Coating Process Parameters

Suzuki

Minami

et al. 2016

CHEMICAL & PHARMACEUTICAL BULLETIN

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In the pharmaceutical tablet film coating process, we clarified that a difference in exhaust air relative humidity can be used to detect differences in process parameters values, the relative humidity of exhaust air was different under different atmospheric air humidity conditions even though all setting values of the manufacturing process parameters were the same, and the water content of tablets was correlated with the exhaust air relative humidity. Based on this experimental data, the exhaust air relative humidity index (EHI), which is an empirical equation that includes as functional parameters the pan coater type, heated air flow rate, spray rate of coating suspension, saturated water vapor pressure at heated air temperature, and partial water vapor pressure at atmospheric air pressure, was developed. The predictive values of exhaust relative humidity using EHI were in good correlation with the experimental data (correlation coefficient of 0.966) in all datasets. EHI was verified using the date of seven different drug products of different manufacturing scales. The EHI model will support formulation researchers by enabling them to set film coating process parameters when the batch size or pan coater type changes, and without the time and expense of further extensive testing.Key words pan coater; exhaust air relative humidity index (EHI); scale up; drying ability; atmospheric air; tablet water content In general, pharmaceutical film coatings are applied in order to protect core tablets from light or for masking the taste of the active pharmaceutical ingredients. Therefore, the surface state of the coating layer is important to maintain the expected performance. During the coating process, however, the coating layer surface state is affected by the water content of the tablets. In a conventional approach, the water content of drug products is maintained at the validated level by monitoring the product's temperature and/or the exhaust air temperature during the coating process. In a scale up study, the batch scale and manufacturing equipment are changed according to the progress of the process development stage. At each stage, the water content of drug products is constantly monitored and well-controlled to secure the consistency of the drug product's quality. In this approach, numerous experiments are necessary to optimize the process parameters in each batch scale. As a result, the costs of materials, human resources, and time for development will become considerable.Recently, continuous manufacturing systems, which are based on a no-scale up concept of the drug products, have been proposed and evaluated.1,2) Process analytical technology (PAT) using near infrared spectroscopy (NIR) or Raman spectroscopy has been widely evaluated for the in-line measurement of the water content of tablets, the coated film thickness and other related qualities. [3][4][5][6][7][8] However, in the process controls using spectroscopic analysis, a large amount of experimental data and human resources are required for developing m...

show abstract

Coating mass distribution from a spouted bed seed coater: Experimental and modelling studies

Cited by 37 publications

References 12 publications

Modelling spray coating using a combined CFD–DEM and spherical harmonic formulation

Modelling spray coating using a combined CFD–DEM and spherical harmonic formulation

Experimental study and simulation of mass distribution of the covering layer of soybean seeds coated in a spouted bed

A Novel Scale Up Model for Prediction of Pharmaceutical Film Coating Process Parameters

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About