Coastal sound-field change due to typhoon-induced sediment warming

Yang, Guangyao; Lü, Ling; Wang, Guansuo; Jiang, Ying; Liu, Zongwei; Yang, Chunmei; Zhao, Chen; Zhang, Chao

doi:10.1121/1.4962343

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Shi et al [26] attributed the unusual cooling in the northwestern SCS after the passage of Typhoon 'Mujigae' in the autumn of 2015 to the intrusion of the cold air jet from the Tibetan Plateau. Furthermore, several studies have indicated that the impact of TCs in shallow water can reach the bottom of the sea [27][28][29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of Shallow-Water Temperature and Significant Wave Height to Sequential Tropical Cyclones in the Northeast Beibu Gulf

Chen,

Xie,

et al. 2024

JMSE

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Using shallow-water buoy observations, reanalysis data, and numerical models, this study analyzes the variations in sea temperature and significant wave height (SWH) caused by two sequential tropical cyclones (TCs) ‘Lionrock’ and ‘Kompasu’ in October 2021 in the northeast Beibu Gulf, South China Sea. The results show that the sea surface temperature (SST) cooling of the nearshore waters was larger than the offshore water in the basin of the gulf, with the cooling amplitude and rate decreasing and the cooling time lagging behind wind increasing from coast to offshore. The near-surface temperature at the buoy station had a maximum decrease of 2.8 °C after ‘Lionrock’, and the decrease increased slightly to 3 °C after the stronger wind of ‘Kompasu’. The total decrease of 4.6 °C indicates that the sequential TCs had a superimposed effect on the cooling of the Beibu Gulf. The heat budget analysis revealed that the sea surface heat loss and the Ekman pumping rate in the nearshore waters during ‘Kompasu’ (−535 W/m2 and 5.8 × 10−4 m/s, respectively) were significantly higher than that (−418 W/m2 and 4 × 10−4 m/s) during ‘Lionrock’. On the other hand, the SST cooling (−1.2 °C) during the second TC is smaller than (−1.6 °C) the first weaker TC in the gulf basin, probably due to the deepening of the mixed layer. During the observation period, the waves in the Beibu Gulf were predominantly wind-driven. The maximum SWHs reached 1.58 m and 2.3 m at the bouy station near shore during the two TCs, and the SWH variation was highly correlated to the wind variation with a correlation of 0.95. The SWH increases from the nearshore to offshore waters during the TCs. The SAWN and ARCIRC coupled model results suggest that wave variations in the Beibu Gulf are primarily influenced by water depth, bottom friction, and whitecapping. Two days after the TCs, sea surface cooling and high waves appeared again due to a cold air event.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of Shallow-Water Temperature and Significant Wave Height to Sequential Tropical Cyclones in the Northeast Beibu Gulf

Chen,

Xie,

et al. 2024

JMSE

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“…For the water column, BHF integrated over half a year can warm or cool the bottom 10 m of the water column by more than 18C [estimated using DT 5 ( BHFdt)/(rC 3 10)]. For sediment, BHF driven by synoptic and seasonal bottom water temperature variations can significantly change the sediment temperature profile, which then has a significant effect on the sediment sound-speed profile and thus the shallow sea acoustic field and seismic wave propagation (Day 2016;Yang et al 2016). In addition, the sediment temperature has an important effect on the benthic fluxes of nitrogen, carbon, and many other biogeochemical processes (Kristensen et al 1992;Hancke et al 2014;Crespo et al 2017;Griffiths et al 2017;Meng et al 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a sea-sediment coupled model incorporating ocean bottom heat flux

Yang

Xia

et al. 2022

Journal of Physical Oceanography

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Previous in-situ observations have suggested that bottom water temperature variations in shelf seas can drive significant ocean bottom heat flux (BHF) by heat conduction. The BHF-driven bottom water temperature variations, however, have been overlooked in ocean general circulation models. In this study, we established a sea-sediment fully coupled model through incorporating the BHF. The coupled model included a sediment temperature module/model, and the BHF was calculated based on the sediment heat content variations. Meanwhile, we applied temporally varying BHF in the calculation of the bottom water temperature, which further determined the sediment temperature. The two-way coupled BHF process presents a more complete and physically reasonable heat budget in the ocean model and a synchronously varying sediment temperature profile. The coupled model was validated using a one-dimensional test case, and then it was applied in a domain covering the Bohai and Yellow Seas. The results suggest that when a strong thermocline exists, the BHF can change the bottom water temperature by more than 1°C because the effects of the BHF are limited to within a shallow bottom layer. However, when the water column is well mixed, the BHF changes the temperature of the entire water column, and the heat transported across the bottom boundary is ventilated to the atmosphere. Thus, the BHF has less effect on water temperature and may directly affect air-sea heat flux. The sea-sediment interactions dampen the amplitude of the bottom water temperature variations, which we propose calling the seabed dampening ocean heat content variation mechanism (SDH).

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Estimation of seafloor reflectivity in shallow water based on seismic data of sparker sources

Zheng

Tong

et al. 2021

Mar Geophys Res

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Coastal sound-field change due to typhoon-induced sediment warming

Cited by 8 publications

References 8 publications

Response of Shallow-Water Temperature and Significant Wave Height to Sequential Tropical Cyclones in the Northeast Beibu Gulf

Response of Shallow-Water Temperature and Significant Wave Height to Sequential Tropical Cyclones in the Northeast Beibu Gulf

Development of a sea-sediment coupled model incorporating ocean bottom heat flux

Estimation of seafloor reflectivity in shallow water based on seismic data of sparker sources

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