Coastal Ocean Data Analysis Product in North America (CODAP-NA) – an internally consistent data product for discrete inorganic carbon, oxygen, and nutrients on the North American ocean margins

Abstract

Abstract. Internally consistent, quality-controlled (QC) data products play an important role in promoting regional-to-global research efforts to understand societal vulnerabilities to ocean acidification (OA). However, there are currently no such data products for the coastal ocean, where most of the OA-susceptible commercial and recreational fisheries and aquaculture industries are located. In this collaborative effort, we compiled, quality-controlled, and synthesized 2 decades of discrete measurements of inorganic carbon system parameters, oxygen, and nutrient chemistry data from the North American continental shelves to generate a data product called the Coastal Ocean Data Analysis Product in North America (CODAP-NA). There are few deep-water (> 1500 m) sampling locations in the current data product. As a result, crossover analyses, which rely on comparisons between measurements on different cruises in the stable deep ocean, could not form the basis for cruise-to-cruise adjustments. For this reason, care was taken in the selection of data sets to include in this initial release of CODAP-NA, and only data sets from laboratories with known quality assurance practices were included. New consistency checks and outlier detections were used to QC the data. Future releases of this CODAP-NA product will use this core data product as the basis for cruise-to-cruise comparisons. We worked closely with the investigators who collected and measured these data during the QC process. This version (v2021) of the CODAP-NA is comprised of 3391 oceanographic profiles from 61 research cruises covering all continental shelves of North America, from Alaska to Mexico in the west and from Canada to the Caribbean in the east. Data for 14 variables (temperature; salinity; dissolved oxygen content; dissolved inorganic carbon content; total alkalinity; pH on total scale; carbonate ion content; fugacity of carbon dioxide; and substance contents of silicate, phosphate, nitrate, nitrite, nitrate plus nitrite, and ammonium) have been subjected to extensive QC. CODAP-NA is available as a merged data product (Excel, CSV, MATLAB, and NetCDF; https://doi.org/10.25921/531n-c230, https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/ncei/ocads/metadata/0219960.html, last access: 15 May 2021) (Jiang et al., 2021a). The original cruise data have also been updated with data providers' consent and summarized in a table with links to NOAA's National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) archives (https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-acidification-data-stewardship-oads/synthesis/NAcruises.html).

Integrating High-Resolution Coastal Acidification Monitoring Data Across Seven United States Estuaries

“…Recent work has shown that observed amplitudes of seasonal pH and p CO 2 cycles increase moving landward from coastal ocean to nearshore and estuarine monitoring stations ( Fassbender et al, 2018 ). The dynamic seasonal cycles observed in the estuarine pH and p CO 2 monitoring data discussed here are consistent with this pattern, as well as with other published estuarine datasets (e.g., Hofmann et al, 2011 ; Wallace et al, 2014 ; Joesoef et al, 2015 ; Fairchild and Hales, 2021 ; Jiang et al, 2021 ; Torres et al, 2021 ). This highlights the relatively extreme carbonate chemistry experienced in estuaries compared to open ocean environments, and the continuing need to consider how ongoing coastal acidification will modify the seasonality of carbonate chemistry cycles ( Fassbender et al, 2018 ).…”

“…Strong seasonal variations in p CO 2 have been observed in other coastal systems (see Jiang et al, 2021 for a recent compilation of coastal data sets). For example, in the Delaware Bay, during the warmer summer months, p CO 2 values of ~400–500 μatm, have been recorded, with values reaching 200 to 350 μatm in the mid- and lower bay regions, while in the winter (December) p CO 2 measured across the bay ranged from 500–650 μatm ( Joesoef et al, 2015 ).…”

Carbonate Parameter Estimation and Its Application in Revealing Temporal and Spatial Variation in the South and Mid‐Atlantic Bight, USA

“…Our models include deep water in the MLR model, which makes it possible to be applied to other seasons. We used the coastal data product published by Jiang et al ( 2021 ) for the MAB and SAB regions ( except the GOMECC and ECOA cruises ) as an evaluation.…”

New and updated global empirical seawater property estimation routines

“…The primary data product used to train these algorithms is the GLODAPv2.2020 data product update (Olsen et al 2020). In addition, we added data sets that will be included in the CARbon, tracer, and ancillary data In the MEDiterranean Sea (CARIMED) and that are included in the Coastal Ocean Data Analysis Project for North America (CODAP-NA; Jiang et al 2021) data products. These data from the Mediterranean Sea (46 cruises spanning from 1976 to 2018 and covering all the sub-basins in the Mediterranean Sea) and the Gulf of Mexico (three cruises spanning 2007 to 2012) are included to ensure these important regions are well-constrained and the cruise information is provided in Supporting Information S1.1.…”

“…CODAP-NA(Jiang et al 2021) and ongoing CARIMED efforts (Supporting Information S1.1). The same lessons from the Sea of Japan/East Sea analysis apply to the reconstruction of measurements from the Gulf of Mexico and the Mediterranean Sea (Table11).…”