Coastal erosion in Vietnam: Case studies and implication for integrated coastal zone management in the Vietnamese south-central coastline

Abstract

Vietnam is a country that is heavily affected by global climate change, with the coastal zone and low-lying river deltas being especially vulnerable. The coastal zone has rapidly evolved over the past few decades, as coastal tourism and other social-economic developments and industries all seek fortune and exploit resources in this area. Along with this rapid economic growth, the coastal zone has suffered severe impacts of both human activities and global climate change, resulting in an increasing number of coastal hazards, such as typhoons, floods, saline intrusion, and coastal erosion. The purpose of this paper is to identify natural and human factors that affect coastal erosion through case studies in the south-central coastline. Measures for minimizing threats to both socio-economic activities and the surrounding natural environments are brought forward, in which integrated coastal zone management approach plays a key role. In addition to addressing the issues and potential management strategies, selected coastal areas in Vietnam characterized by severe coastal erosion are studied in terms of coastline dynamics, changing beach morphologies and coastal engineering structures through on-site measurements and aerial images. Seasonal variations and changing beach morphologies after the construction of coastal engineering works are clearly visible.

Application of Remote Sensing for Environmental Management in Vietnam

“…Remote sensing has been used to monitor the changes in the coastal zone of Vietnam, providing valuable data for environmental management. In a study conducted by Lin et al (2021), high-resolution satellite imagery was used to map the coastline and detect shoreline changes over a 13-year period (2006-2019) (Lin, Van Onselen, & Vo, 2021). The study revealed that the coastline had changed significantly due to erosion, sediment deposition, and human activities.…”

“…When local sites are investigated in more depth, appropriate management strategies can be devised and adapted to local conditions. Before implementing a new management style, it is vital to have a solid grasp of the environmental, geographical, and socioeconomic context (Lin, Van Onselen, & Vo, 2021). In general, remote sensing data can provide useful information for coastal zone management and decision-making for sustainable development.…”

Prevalence of Accidents and Injuries and Related Factors of Fishermen Fishing Offshore in the North of Vietnam

“…11 With a vast territorial sea and exclusive economic zone, rich marine resources, and thousands of inhabited islands, Vietnam's fishing industry plays a vital role in the country's economy and food security. 12 The reliance on fishing as a livelihood exposes a large number of Vietnamese fishermen to the hazards and risks associated with seafaring. The statistics further emphasize the significance of the fishing industry in Vietnam, with over 45.3 thousand small-scale fishing vessels and a total of 95.24 thousand motorized marine fishing vessels as of December 2021.…”

An Improved One-Line Evolution Formulation for the Dynamic Shoreline Planforms of Embayed Beaches

“…However, it is noted that shoreline advances and shoreline retreats still occur continuously under the interactions of many day-and-night natural forces, such as waves, currents, tides, winds, etc. Several failure cases of engineering structures for coastal protection against natural forces may imply that the desired functions of man-made structures for coastal protection are possibly limited [2,3]. While the limitations of conventional engineering methods for solid structures against natural forces are noted extensively, researchers and engineers are looking for other ways to protect the coastal zone.…”

“…In Equation(3), the volume change in the 𝑖 shoreline segment ∆V is represented by the differences in longshore sediment transport along two adjacent interfaces ∆𝑄 𝑄 𝑄 . Meanwhile, the volume change in the 𝑖 shoreline segment ∆V can be expressed via multiplication of the plane area ∆A by closure depth 𝐷 in Equation (3).…”