Coastal effects on radar propagation in atmospheric ducting conditions

Atkinson, B. W.; Zhu, Min

doi:10.1017/s1350482705001970

Cited by 42 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The above discussed evaporation duct model applied to an open ocean. To account for the spatio-temporal development of the ducting layers in the littoral zones [3,39,120], mesoscale numerical weather prediction (NWP) modeling [121,122] has been used to generate 4D refractivity fields. The generated refractivity profiles may be used as input to the PE model [12,39,122].…”

Section: Modeling Of the Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To account for the spatio-temporal development of the ducting layers in the littoral zones [3,39,120], mesoscale numerical weather prediction (NWP) modeling [121,122] has been used to generate 4D refractivity fields. The generated refractivity profiles may be used as input to the PE model [12,39,122]. It should be noted that the current state-of-the-art mesoscale NWP models, as applied to the refractivity field modeling, still provide rather qualitative predictions of duct height and strength; intensive [122].…”

Section: Modeling Of the Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The PE uses meteorological parameters as input, allows application of complex boundary conditions and inclusion of different antenna patterns. Due to these characteristics and the demonstrated operability, the PE has become a preferred method for solving microwave propagation prediction/assessment problems requiring simultaneous accounting for terrain irregularities and clear air propagation mechanisms such as tropospheric ducting [16,27,29,31,32,[37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52]. The goal of this work is to summarize the PE method theory and its application to tropospheric radio propagation modeling in coastal and maritime environments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Brief review on PE method application to propagation channel modeling in sea environment

Sirkova

2011

Open Engineering

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This work provides an introduction to one of the most widely used advanced methods for wave propagation modeling, the Parabolic Equation (PE) method, with emphasis on its application to tropospheric radio propagation in coastal and maritime regions. The assumptions of the derivation, the advantages and drawbacks of the PE, the numerical methods for solving it, and the boundary and initial conditions for its application to the tropospheric propagation problem are briefly discussed. More details are given for the split-step Fourier-transform (SSF) solution of the PE. The environmental input to the PE, the methods for tropospheric refractivity profiling, their accuracy, limitations, and the average refractivity modeling are also summarized. The reported results illustrate the application of finite element (FE) based and SSF-based solutions of the PE for one of the most difficult to treat propagation mechanisms, yet of great significance for the performance of radars and communications links working in coastal and maritime zones -the tropospheric ducting mechanism. Recent achievements, some unresolved issues and ongoing developments related to further improvements of the PE method application to the propagation channel modeling in sea environment are highlighted.

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Section: Modeling Of the Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Modeling Of the Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Brief review on PE method application to propagation channel modeling in sea environment

Sirkova

2011

Open Engineering

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“…Coastal and maritime areas are especially prone to non-standard propagation conditions related to sharp gradients in air temperature and water vapor pressure leading to spatial and temporal changes in the gradient of the tropospheric refractive index n (Atkinson and Zhu, 2006;Bean and Dutton, 1966;Brooks, 2001;Kerr, 1988). The spatial change of n is larger with height than with range and generally the horizontal variations of n can be neglected (Kerr, 1988).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Duct occurrence and characteristics for Bulgarian Black sea shore derived from ECMWF data

Sirkova

2015

Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics

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“…In a similar manner, ongoing activities exist that aim at simulating propagation of weather radar pulses (Atkinson and Zhu, 2006;Bech et al 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parameterization of tropospheric delay correction for mobile GNSS positioning: a case study of a cold front passage

Eresmaa¹,

Nordman²,

Poutanen³

et al. 2008

Meteorological Applications

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Numerical weather prediction (NWP) model output can be used for derivation of tropospheric delay correction in order to decrease positioning errors of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) applications. In precise geodetic positioning it is possible to make use of corrections that are derived separately for all GNSS signal paths. Due to the large amounts of data, this approach is considered impractical from real-time mobile positioning point of view. This article introduces several parameterization schemes that provide a zenith-and azimuth-angle-dependent description of tropospheric delay correction at a single observation site. These parameterization schemes are compared in a case study of a cold front passage. Inclusion of zenith-angle dependency in the parameterization, instead of applying a prescribed mapping function, is found to be crucially important for accuracy. Parameterization can be further improved by applying a horizontal delay gradient and by separating the total tropospheric delay into hydrostatic and wet components. It is concluded that any increase of sophistication in the parameterization results in an increased parameterization accuracy.

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Coastal effects on radar propagation in atmospheric ducting conditions

Cited by 42 publications

References 26 publications

Brief review on PE method application to propagation channel modeling in sea environment

Brief review on PE method application to propagation channel modeling in sea environment

Duct occurrence and characteristics for Bulgarian Black sea shore derived from ECMWF data

Parameterization of tropospheric delay correction for mobile GNSS positioning: a case study of a cold front passage

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