Coarsening-upward cycles in the alluvium of Hornelen Basin (Devonian) Norway: Sedimentary response to tectonic events

Steel, R. J.; Næhle, S.; Nilsen, Helge Normann; Røe, Signe-Line; Spinnangr, Å.

doi:10.1130/0016-7606(1977)88<1124:ccitao>2.0.co;2

Cited by 148 publications

(67 citation statements)

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“…In contrast, the lateral building of alluvial fans results preferentially in the opposite motif at the same scale (metres to tens of metres): upwards coarsening punctuated by stratigraphic discontinuities (sequence boundaries or flooding surfaces; e.g. Steel et al 1977;Gawthorpe et al 1990 …”

Section: Eagle Mountain Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observations from the Basin and Range Province (western United States) pertinent to the interpretation of regional detachment faults

Christie‐Blick

Anders

Wills

et al. 2007

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This paper summarizes the results of completed and ongoing research in three areas of the Basin and Range Province of the western United States that casts doubt on the interpretation of specific regional detachment faults and the large extensional strains with which such faults are commonly associated. Given that these examples were influential in the development of ideas about low-angle normal faults, and particularly in making the case for frictional slip at dips of appreciably less than the 308 lock-up angle for m 0.6 (where m is the coefficient of friction), we advocate a critical re-examination of interpreted detachments elsewhere in the Basin and Range Province and in other extensional and passive margin settings.The Sevier Desert 'detachment' of west-central Utah is reinterpreted as a Palaeogene unconformity that has been traced to depth west of the northern Sevier Desert basin along an unrelated seismic reflection (most probably a splay of the Cretaceous-age Pavant thrust). The absence of evidence in well cuttings and cores for either brittle deformation (above) or ductile deformation (below) is inconsistent with the existence of a fault with as much as 40 km of displacement. The Pavant thrust and the structurally higher Canyon Range thrust are erosionally truncated at the western margin of the southern Sevier Desert basin, and are not offset by the 'detachment' in the manner assumed by those inferring large extension across the basin.The Mormon Peak detachment of SE Nevada is reinterpreted as a series of slide blocks on the basis of detachment characteristics and spatially variable kinematic indicators that are more closely aligned with the modern dip direction than the inferred regional extension direction. A particularly distinctive feature of the detachment is a basal layer of up to several tens of centimetres of polymictic conglomerate that was demonstrably involved in the deformation, with clastic dykes of the same material extending for several metres into overlying rocks in a manner remarkably similar to that observed at rapidly emplaced slide blocks. The Castle Cliff detachment in the nearby Beaver Dam Mountains of SW Utah is similarly regarded as a surficial feature, as originally interpreted, and consistent with its conspicuous absence in seismic reflection profiles from the adjacent sedimentary basin.The middle Miocene Eagle Mountain Formation of eastern California, interpreted on the basis of facies evidence and distinctive clast provenance to have been moved tectonically more than 80 km ESE from a location close to the Jurassic-age Hunter Mountain batholith of the Cottonwood Mountains, is reinterpreted as having accumulated in a fluvial-lacustrine rather than alluvial fanlacustrine setting, with no bearing on either the amount or direction of tectonic transport. The conglomeratic rocks upon which the provenance argument was based are pervasively channelized, with erosional relief of less than 1 m to as much as 15 m, fining-upwards successions at the same scale and abundant trough ...

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Section: Eagle Mountain Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observations from the Basin and Range Province (western United States) pertinent to the interpretation of regional detachment faults

Christie‐Blick

Anders

Wills

et al. 2007

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“…To some extent previous models may be seen as simplistic. The assumptions about overall coarsening-up sequences within alluvial-fan sediments (Steel 1974;Steel et al 1977;Rust 1979) may be appropriate for distal-fan environments, when the proximal-fan sediments are being reworked by fanhead trenching, but are certainly not appropriate for proximal environments on aggrading fans (Harvey 1997). There we would expect an overall fining-up trend as the topography becomes progressively buried and each location effectively becomes more distal.…”

Section: Alluvial-fan Sedimentary Sequencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alluvial fans: geomorphology, sedimentology, dynamics — introduction. A review of alluvial-fan research

2005

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“…Such cycles are usually developed as inversely graded successions (Steel et al, 1977;Crews & Ethridge, 1993), representing prograding fans. These are long-term allogenic cycles controlled as a rule by tectonic and climatic changes.…”

Section: Cyclicity In Terminoglacial Fansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subaerial terminoglacial fans III: overview of sedimentary characteristics and depositional model

Zieliński¹,

Loon²

2000

Netherlands Journal of Geosciences

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A general model is presented for the small type of fans (not to be confused with sandurs) that develop subaerially in the zone immediately before an ice front. These fans have in common with other fans that a proximal, a middle and a distal subenvironment -with distinctly different sedimentary fades -can be distinguished. The characteristics of these fans differ in several respects, however, from those formed under other conditions, particularly by the high proportion of mass-flow deposits in the proximal part, by the relative scarcity of fine particles in the middle fan, and by the relatively uniform character of the sediments in the distal fan.The special character of this type of fan is ascribed to the interaction of a continuously changing distance between the ice front and the fan (as a result of alternating phases of ice advance and ice retreat), its position that may be surrounded by ice for a large part, and the irregular supply of debris-laden meltwater that comes sometimes even in the form of more or less catastrophic floods.Due to the fact that terminoglacial fans have a good preservation potential only during phases of ice retreat, these fas tend to show a slight fining-upward tendency. The slope of terminoglacial fans tends to be more gentle (rarely over 2-5°) than that of fans formed under different conditions.

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Coarsening-upward cycles in the alluvium of Hornelen Basin (Devonian) Norway: Sedimentary response to tectonic events

Cited by 148 publications

References 0 publications

Observations from the Basin and Range Province (western United States) pertinent to the interpretation of regional detachment faults

Observations from the Basin and Range Province (western United States) pertinent to the interpretation of regional detachment faults

Alluvial fans: geomorphology, sedimentology, dynamics — introduction. A review of alluvial-fan research

Subaerial terminoglacial fans III: overview of sedimentary characteristics and depositional model

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