Coal prospect evaluation using high‐resolution reflection seismology — a case study

Greaves, Robert J.

doi:10.1190/1.1439025

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…It is important to point out the difference between resolution and detection in seismic data analysis (Greaves, 1984). Resolution is limited by the minimum thickness of a layer in which the top and bottom produce clearly observable effects and is defined as one-quarter of the wavelength of the dominant frequency in the reflector of interest.…”

Section: Coal-seam Reflectivity and Resolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All rights reserved. ple, Ziolkowski and Lerwill, 1979;Ruskey, 1981;Hughes and Kennett, 1983;Greaves, 1984;Harman, 1984;Lawton, 1985;Greenhalgh et al, 1986;Palmer, 1987;Lyatsky and Lawton, 1988;Gochioco and Cotten, 1989;Henson and Sexton, 1991;Gochioco, 1991a,b;Miller et al, 1992;Pîetsch and Slusarczyk, 1992;Gang and Goulty, 1997) or, more rarely, 3-D methodologies (Krey, 1978;Bading, 1986;Lambourne et al, 1990;Urosevic et al, 1992;Walton et al, 1999;Gochioco, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Application of a high‐resolution seismic investigation in a Greek coal mine

Tselentis

Paraskevopoulos

2002

GEOPHYSICS

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High‐resolution seismic methods were applied to map the detailed structure and thickness of the Domeniko coal basin (central Greece) and to search for lateral discontinuities, such as pinch‐outs and faults. Extensive tests were performed to optimize recording parameters and equipment. Reflection events which can be attributed to coal layers can be interpreted from depths of approximately 30 to 150 m on CDP stacked and inverted sections. Several low‐throw faults have been interpreted from the sections. Results obtained from the high‐resolution seismic reflection survey combined with drillhole information clearly revealed the 3‐D model of the coal field. Using geostatistical methods, the results of the high‐resolution reflection seismic survey were combined with the information from the borehole program to clearly reveal the 3‐D model of the basin.

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Section: Coal-seam Reflectivity and Resolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of a high‐resolution seismic investigation in a Greek coal mine

Tselentis

Paraskevopoulos

2002

GEOPHYSICS

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“…Most geophysical applications in North American coal exploration have centered around the conventional surface seismic reflection method to provide continuous subsurface coverage for evaluating both good and anomalous coal reserve areas (Ruskey, 1981;Dobecki and Bartel, 1982;Greaves, 1984;Lawton, 1985;Lyatsky and Lawton, 1988;Gochioco and Cotten, 1989;Lawton and Lyatsky, 1989;Gochioco and Kelly, 1990;Gochioco, 1991;Henson and Sexton, 1991). The surface seismic reflection method, however, has inherent resolution limitations because the seismic wavelet must propagate substantial distances through the weathered layer, resulting in rapid attenuation of the desired higher frequencies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shallow VSP work in the U.S. Appalachian coal basin

Gochioco

1998

GEOPHYSICS

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Most geophysical applications in North American coal exploration have centered around the conventional surface seismic reflection method to provide continuous subsurface coverage for evaluating both good and anomalous coal reserve areas (Ruskey, 1981; Dobecki and Bartel, 1982; Greaves, 1984; Lawton, 1985; Lyatsky and Lawton, 1988; Gochioco and Cotten, 1989; Lawton and Lyatsky, 1989; Gochioco and Kelly, 1990; Gochioco, 1991; Henson and Sexton, 1991). The surface seismic reflection method, however, has inherent resolution limitations because the seismic wavelet must propagate substantial distances through the weathered layer, resulting in rapid attenuation of the desired higher frequencies. Since the depths and thicknesses of coal seams are usually known before‐hand, it is imperative that the seismic reflection associated with the target coal seam is absolutely identified in the seismic section to avoid misinterpretations. However, it is common that checkshot data and sonic and density logs are not available to generate synthetic seismograms to assist in the interpretation of coal seismic data. To overcome some of these limitations, the vertical seismic profiling (VSP) technique was tested in a coal exploration program to provide additional information for correlation with surface seismic reflection [or common‐depth‐point (CDP)] data and a synthetic seismogram generated from density and sonic logs.

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“…So far, the exploration technique used consists of drilling a dense grid of boreholes. As an additional exploration method, high-frequency compressional P-wave reflection profiling for coal has been suggested by Ziolkowski and Lerwill (1 979), and case histories have been reported based on high-resolution reflection (Greaves 1984) and refraction surveys (Goulty and Brabham 1984).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shear‐wave Reflection Profiling for Near‐surface Lignite Exploration*

Milkereit¹,

Stümpel²,

Rabbel³

1986

Geophysical Prospecting

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We present the results of a shear-wave reflection experiment and in situ measurements in opencast lignite exploration. Near-surface coal seams have lower shear-wave velocities ( z 200 m/s) and lower densities than sand and clay layers. Due to strong reflection coefficients, a shear-wave reflection survey provides a powerful tool in lignite prospecting. Due to shorter seismic wavelengths shear waves will yield a higher resolution of shallow subsurface structure than compressional waves. Low shear-wave velocities and strong lateral velocity variations, however, require a dense data acquisition in the field. The variation of stacking velocities can exceed & 15% within a profile length of 300 m. The different steps in processing and interpretation of results are described with actual records. The final CMP-stack shows steep-angle fault zones with maximum dislocations of 20 m within a coal seam.

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Coal prospect evaluation using high‐resolution reflection seismology — a case study

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Application of a high‐resolution seismic investigation in a Greek coal mine

Application of a high‐resolution seismic investigation in a Greek coal mine

Shallow VSP work in the U.S. Appalachian coal basin

Shear‐wave Reflection Profiling for Near‐surface Lignite Exploration*

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