Coal Mining and Local Environment: A Study in Talcher Coalfield of India

Abstract

Despite government's repeated assertions for the sustainable mining extraction and development of rural and tribal communities living near the vicinity of mining areas, these have not been converted into implementable solutions. The natural resources from rural and tribal areas are being exploited to meet the ever-increasing requirements and aspirations of the affluent groups. With the above background, this article, taking both experimental and control villages into account, tried to explore the impact of coal mining on local environment. Although dealing with local environment, it has mostly focused on sociological impact of mining in air, water, and noise pollution. The data collected show that the suspended particulate matter concentration is alarmingly high in few sampling locations, whereas respirable suspended particulate matter concentration which once used to be within acceptable limits is now gradually approaching its standard acceptable value of 300 µg/m 3. Along with uncovered coal transportation, lack of water spraying system and movement of heavy vehicles have brought an addition to air pollution to the locality. The extraction of mining has influenced the water table. The data collected from State Pollution Control Board, Bhubaneswar, show that suspended sediments and chemical oxygen demand in most of the mining areas and biological oxygen demand in few cases have crossed the specific standard. Along with this, household survey was conducted by covering 6 villages and 600 households. The study was undertaken by following experimental design where 450 households were taken from experimental, ie, mining villages, and 150 households have been selected from nonmining areas. Of the 450 households, around 96.44% villagers responded that Mahanadi Coalfields Limited is not taking any mitigation measures to apprehend the pollution caused by mining operations.

Unbridled coal extraction and concerns for livelihood: evidences from Odisha, India

“…Talcher coalfield is situated in Brahmani valley to the north of Mahanadi river in the Talcher block of Angul district, about 120 km away from Bhubaneswar, the capital of Odisha (Mishra and Das 2017 ). Currently, 10 mining projects with an area of 15,0966 square km are operating under this coalfield.…”

“…The underprivileged and indigenous people like the tribal communities living in resource-rich areas become the worst affected victims of coal mining. Though they depend heavily on the ecosystem, their livelihood practices are mostly affected by mining practices (Paltasingh and Paliwal 2014 ; Mishra and Das 2017 ). It is argued that while the power-privileged people cherish all the benefits, the marginalised sections perish and bear all the brunts (Fernandes 2008 ).…”

True cost of coal: coal mining industry and its associated environmental impacts on water resource development

“…Around 8.7% of these affected water supplies were within the 200 feet's of active mining sites [98]Similarly, another study conducted in Jharia coal mine region (India) had also shown instability in its water table [99]. Almost all of the tube wells in the mining area (Odrisha, India) dried during the summer season [100]. Additionally in case of Bangladesh, groundwater table is highly vulnerable to coal mining with a depletion rate of >5 m (Table 3).…”

An Integrated Comparative Assessment of Coal-Based Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) Vis-à-Vis Renewable Energies in India’s Low Carbon Electricity Transition Scenarios

“…In addition to global warming, India is simultaneously facing other prominent environmental and resource issues. These include water scarcity [35], air and water pollution [36,37], and land and ecosystem degradation [38,39]. Therefore, an integrated approach to concurrently assess and combat multiple sustainability challenges is required [38,40].…”