Coal fly ash nanoparticles induced cytotoxicity and oxidative DNA damage and apoptosis in Chang liver cells

Abstract

Coal is the main source widely used for electric generation and industrial applications due to its low cost and abundance of this fuel. Exposure to coal fly ash particulate matter (CFA-PM) is a major health concern in developing countries. The in vitro cytotoxicity, oxidative DNA damage and apoptosis of coal fly ash nanoparticles (CFA-NPs) were determined by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) enzyme, reactive oxygen species (ROS), 4'-6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) and expression of apoptosis associated proteins in cultured Chang liver cell lines. The release of LDH was increased based on dose-dependent and time dependent manner in CFA-NPS treated cells. CFA-NPs induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) with increase in dose concentration. The CFA-NPs treated cells showed severe DNA damage and inhibits the cell viability and leads to apoptosis. The apoptotic proteins showed significant changes, with increase in the level of BAX and decrease in the level of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2).The studies showed significant amount of toxicity in CFA-NPs treated Chang liver cell lines.

Adsorption of particulate matter and uptake of metal and non-metal elements from PM in leaves of Pinus densiflora and Quercus acutissima: a comparative study

“…As a result, significant differences were observed in the uptake of Al between P. densiflora and Q. acutissima. The presence of major elements such as Al, Fe, Mg, S, and Si in fly particles generated by coal combustion processes represents a significant risk to human health (Bharathi et al, 2014). Aluminum mainly enters plant leaves through the cuticle in aqueous solutions (Zhang et al, 2010).…”