Coagulation and Chlorination of NOM and Algae in Water Treatment: A Review

Ghernaout, Djamel; Moulay, Saâd; Messaoudene, Noureddine Ait; Aichouni, Mohamed; Naceur, Mohamed Wahib; Boucherit, Ahmed

doi:10.11648/j.ijema.s.2014020601.14

Cited by 46 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 80 publications

(95 reference statements)

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“…Coagulation process itself may be necessary either to treat troubled waters or to promote the precipitation of dissolved organic matter (DOM) (Kweon and Lawler 2004;Ghernaout et al, 2014Ghernaout et al, , 2015aVahedi and Gorczyca, 2014).…”

Section: Exploitation Of the Jar Test Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combining lime softening with alum coagulation for hard Ghrib dam water conventional treatment

Ghernaout¹

2018

Int. j. adv. appl. sci.

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This work aims to control the efficiency of water softening as an inherent phenomenon in the coagulation process or, in other words, to evaluate the softening process as a secondary reaction which is producing simultaneously with the main reaction as the coagulation process. Ghrib Dam water is wellknown for its high hardness ranging from 750 to 900 mg/L as CaCO3. That is, this water is unpleasant to the domestic consumption. Conventional water treatment at the Ghrib Station is based on coagulation using aluminum sulfate [Al2 (SO4)3.18H2O] (alum) as a single coagulant. Alum has a minimal effect on the total hardness and its human toxicity is not yet doubtful. This research introduces the concept of the replacement of alum by lime and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) in coagulation process at the Ghrib Station. Coagulation experiments on jar test using the three reagents (alum, lime, and NaOH) are performed and physicochemical analyses are conducted to evaluate the possibility of alum partial or total replacement for improving the treatment effectiveness in hardness reducing. The obtained results show that hardness is decreased at its half by combining simultaneously the three chemical products: alum = 15, lime = 100, NaOH = 100 mg/L. Additional survey is required to examine the complicated interaction in the Ca 2+ /Mg 2+ -DOM-Al ternary system to comprehensively define the contributions of the two mechanisms -lime softening and coagulation -to organic matter removal by coagulation.

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Section: Exploitation Of the Jar Test Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combining lime softening with alum coagulation for hard Ghrib dam water conventional treatment

Ghernaout¹

2018

Int. j. adv. appl. sci.

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“… Decreasing NOM levels in source water using coagulation and settling, filtering, and oxidation (Iriarte-Velasco et al, 2007;Xiao et al, 2010;Gerrity et al, 2009;Ghernaout and Boucherit, 2015;Ghernaout et al, 2014;2015a, b).  Utilizing sorption on granulated activated carbon to eliminate DOC (Fabris et al, 2008;Drikas et al, 2008;Tan et al, 2008).…”

Section: Strategies For Monitoring Dbpsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disinfection and DBPs removal in drinking water treatment: A perspective for a green technology

Ghernaout

2018

Int. j. adv. appl. sci.

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The generation, monitoring, and health impacts of disinfection by-products (DBPs) in potable water are problems of worldwide worry. Several nations, besides the World Health Organization, possess regulations and/or guidelines on bearable levels of DBPs in water. Since drinking water is frequently remediated using a chemical killing agent, DBPs are pollutants to which several humans are unprotected. On account of the health impacts linked to subjection to chlorinated water and/or some DBPs, the water manufacturing has performed great endeavors to equilibrate killing pathogens and DBP monitoring. Large survey has been realized on rising DBPs of health and regulatory worry. In spite of the fact that the attention on DBPs was previously on chlorine-and bromine-containing carbonaceous DBPs, appearing DBPs comprise iodine-containing species, also halogenated and non-halogenated nitrogenous DBPs. In addition, latest toxicity experimentation has proposed that certain of the more recent PBPs are of more elevated toxicity than some of the regulated chemical products. Therefore, survey has been realized to better comprehend how to costeffectively monitor a large interval of regulated and appearing DBPs. This comprises the usage of advanced remediation and killing pathogens methodologies. This paper shows certain of the newest research works at comprehending these significant DBP-related problems. Disinfection is killing microorganisms present in water; but, it is as well killing human beings drinking water by poisonous DBPs. Using chemicals for water treatment is finally a lost cause.

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“…In this situation, iron should exclusively substitute Al and Cu as a green chemical in coagulation process [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35]. Several studies have proven the Fe efficiency in treating different types of water and wastewater.…”

Section: Iron Instead Of To Toxic Aluminum and Copper In Coagulation mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Holy Koran Revelation: Iron Is a “Sent Down” Metal

Ghernaout¹

2017

AJEP

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Abstract:One of the most important grants of God Almighty to mankind is iron. The reality that there is a Chapter named "Al-Hadid" (Iron) in the Holy Koran can be considered as a sign of its significance. The reality that there is not a Chapter called "adh-Dhahab" (Gold) might be a sign that iron is more crucial than gold since life would go on if gold did not exist but it would not be easy to mention human civilization without iron. Iron is (1) the essential of all of the arts, (2) the source of human development and progress, and (3) in the center of the strength of man. Due to its functions mentioned above and similar ones, the following is stated in the Koran: "…and We sent down Iron, in which is (material for) mighty war, as well as many benefits for mankind...". The fact that this Verse particularly introduces iron is completely astonishing, taking into account that these findings were realized at the termination of the 20th century.

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Coagulation and Chlorination of NOM and Algae in Water Treatment: A Review

Cited by 46 publications

References 80 publications

Combining lime softening with alum coagulation for hard Ghrib dam water conventional treatment

Combining lime softening with alum coagulation for hard Ghrib dam water conventional treatment

Disinfection and DBPs removal in drinking water treatment: A perspective for a green technology

The Holy Koran Revelation: Iron Is a “Sent Down” Metal

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