Coadsorption of Trivalent Metal Ions and Anions on Strongly Acidic Cation-Exchange Resins by Bridge Bonding

Abstract

The effects of anions (P(V), P(III), P(I), Se(IV), OH(-), F(-), Cl(-), SCN(-), S(IV), and CH(3)COO(-)) on the adsorption of trivalent metal ions (Fe(3+), Al(3+), Ga(3+), In(3+), and Sc(3+)) to three strongly acidic cation-exchange resins (-S)(-) of different types (porous or gel) and different exchange capacities (4.55, 3.91, and 0.96 mmol g(-1)) were studied systematically. All these metal ions showed coadsorption of OH(-), irrespective of the resins. In contrast, coadsorption of P(V), P(III), P(I), and Se(IV) was observed on the resins of the higher exchange capacities but not on the resin of the lowest exchange capacity. Stoichiometric analyses and spectroscopic (Mossbauer and infrared) studies for Fe(3+) demonstrated the presence of the coadsorbed species: [(-S)(2)Fe(OH)] and [(-S)(2)(Fe-O-Fe)(S-)(2)] for OH(-), [(-S)(2)Fe(HPO(4))Fe(S-)(2)] for P(V), and [(-S)(2)FeX](j) (X(-) = H(2)PO(3)(-), H(2)PO(2)(-), HSeO(3)(-); j > 1) for P(III), P(I), and Se(IV). No coadsorption was observed for the other anions. These findings indicate that the bridge bonding of anions between the metal ions adsorbed on the resins of the higher exchange capacities plays a crucial role for the coadsorption. Some analytical implication was also discussed.

Polymerization of C9 Fraction from Ethylene Cracking Catalyzed by Al3+-Loaded Styrenic Cation Exchange Resin

“…This solid super acid can be used for olefin polymerization 17 . Many researchers have performed a multitude of studies on cation exchange resins that load other ions [18][19][20][21][22][23][24] . We selected a large exchange-capacity styrene-type strong acid cation exchange resin for Al 3+ loading through ion exchange to create a solid catalyst [25][26][27] and then used it for C9 polymerization.…”

Equilibrium and column studies of iron exchange with strong acid cation resin

“…Column studies involving the exchange of nickel ions from solution using strong acid cation resin by Shaidan et al [73], confirmed that between pH 3 and 7 the uptake of nickel ions was enhanced as the quantity of competing acid species present was diminished. Matsuura et al [74] observed in their studies of iron exchange with strong acid cation resin that iron loading was also highly dependent upon solution pH. At a pH of 1.0, the capacity of the resin for iron suggested that Fe 3+ ions were solely exchanged with the proton sites on the resin, hence the measured iron capacity agreed with the supplier datasheet.…”

Diverse Secondary Interactions between Ions Exchanged into the Resin Phase and Their Analytical Applications

“…This indicates coadsorption of anions in spite of the same electric charge with the functional group. 24 Coadsorption of hydroxide was observed even on the resin of the lower EC, CG-1×5, but phosphate simply interfered with the exchange as a masking reagent (Fig. 6(b)).…”

“…The first letter of the abbreviated name indicates whether it is a cationic (C), chelating (I), or anionic (A) resin, the second letter specifies whether it is a gel (G) or porous (P), the first digit shows the approximate exchange capacity (EC), and the second digit the cross-linking degree (CL), if available. The cation exchange resins (CXRs) of low EC were synthesized by polymerization, 24 while the anion exchange resins (AXRs) of low EC were derived from the Merrifield resin. 22 The volumes available for ions in the resins were estimated as follows: the volume of one functional group associated with a certain ion could be calculated from the exchange capacity and the density of the dried resin, while the volume of the same functional group without ion could be estimated based on the additivity of molar volumes.…”

“…Their performances were compared with those of conventional resins, so as to highlight the diverse secondary interactions shown in Scheme 1. [21][22][23][24] In addition, the earlier studies on the reactions of …”