CO2 treatment improves the hypocholesterolemic and antioxidant properties of fenugreek seeds

Hozzein, Wael N.; Saleh, Ahmed M.; Habeeb, Talaat H.; Wadaan, Mohammed A. M.; AbdElgawad, Hamada

doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125661

Cited by 32 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…The effect of Cymbopogon proximus sprout and seed extracts on the micellar solubility of cholesterol was measured as described in Hozzien et al [33]. Micellar solution (2 mM cholesterol, 10 mM sodium taurocholate, 132 mM NaCl, 5 mM oleic acid, 15 mM sodium phosphate (pH 7.4) at the rate of 10 mg/mL) was mixed with the extract.…”

Section: Hypocholesterolemic Activity 261 Inhibition Of Micellar Solubility Of Cholesterolmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Laser Light Treatment of Seeds for Improving the Biomass Photosynthesis, Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of Lemongrass Sprouts

et al. 2021

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Compared to seeds and mature plants, sprouts are well characterized based on their nutritive values and biological properties. Moreover, laser light application is known to be a promising approach to improving plant growth, photosynthesis, and nutraceutical values. However, no studies have investigated the phytochemicals and biological activity of lemongrass (Cymbopogon proximus (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) Chiov.) sprouts or the further improvement of their quality by applying laser light treatment. We carried out a preliminary experiment for the optimization of laser treatment conditions, finding that a helium neon (He–Ne) laser at 632 nm and 5 mW for 5 min provided the most favorable conditions. We then investigated fresh weight, photosynthetic reactions, and primary and secondary metabolites, including sugars, amino acids, organic acids, essential oils, and phenolic compounds. Moreover, we studied the effect of laser light-induced changes in chemical compositions on the antioxidant, anti-diabetic, and anti-cholesterol activities of Cymbopogon proximus sprouts grown from laser-treated seeds. Laser light treatment increased the photosynthesis and respiration and hence the fresh weight of Cymbopogon proximus sprouts. Overall, sprouting increased most bioactive primary and secondary metabolites as compared to seeds. Increased photosynthesis by laser light improved carbon allocation and raised non-structural carbohydrates, which in turn led to improved synthesis of amino acids, organic acids, and essential oils, as well as phenolic and flavonoid compounds. As a result, laser light significantly improved the antioxidant capacity in terms of increasing the levels of ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) (from 9.5 to 21 µmole trolox/g fresh weight (FW)), oxygen radical absorbance (ORAC) (from 400 to 1100 µmole trolox/100 g FW), and DPPH (from 5% to 25% of inhibation) and enhanced the hypocholesterolemic and antidiabetic activity through increasing the percentage of cholesterol micellar solubility (CMS) inhibition (from 42% to 62%) and glycemic index (from 33 to 17 µmole/g) over sprouts and seeds. In conclusion, the synergism of seed laser treatment and sprouting induced the health-promoting bioactive compounds in Cymbopogon proximus as compared to seeds, which can be applied at a large scale to improve the biochemical, physiological, and nutraceutical values of medicinal and crop sprouts.

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Section: Hypocholesterolemic Activity 261 Inhibition Of Micellar Solubility Of Cholesterolmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The inhibitory activity of Cymbopogon proximus sprout and seed extracts against pancreatic lipase was measured using 4-MUO, as described in Hozzien et al [33]. Sprout extracts were mixed with 0.5 mL of the freshly prepared lipase (1 mg/mL; lipase from porcine pancreas, Sigma-Aldrich).…”

Section: Pancreatic Lipase Inhibition Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser Light Treatment of Seeds for Improving the Biomass Photosynthesis, Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of Lemongrass Sprouts

et al. 2021

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“…9 Additionally, fenugreek seed extract modulated the activities of antioxidant enzymes that prevented the elevation in lipid peroxidation. 23,24 Concomitantly, it showed a tremendous antioxidant potential against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity that may pave a way to prevent chemotherapy-induced toxicity. 25 Moreover, it was suggested that the addition of fenugreek seeds in diets would reduce the lipid peroxidation, along with the acceleration of reduced GPx, GST, SOD, and catalase as well.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methanolic Fenugreek Seed Extract Induces p53-Dependent Mitotic Catastrophe in Breast Cancer Cells, Leading to Apoptosis

Khan¹,

Allemailem

Alsahli

et al. 2021

JIR

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Purpose The plant Trigonella foenum-graecum , well-known as fenugreek, has been shown to control type-2 diabetes, the level of cholesterol, inflammation of wounds, disorders related to gastrointestinal tracts, and cancer as well. The present study aimed to evaluate the anti-cancer potential of methanolic fenugreek seed extract (FSE) and its possible molecular mechanism of action in breast cancer cells. Methods The anticancer potential of FSE was evaluated in MCF-7 and SK-BR3 breast cancer cells through various cellular assays after selecting the IC 10 , IC 25 , IC 35 , and IC 50 doses by the cell cytotoxicity assay. Furthermore, the oral acute toxicity of FSE was examined in mice, according to the guidelines of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Results FSE exhibited dose-dependent cytotoxicity, as the IC 50 was found to be 150 and 40 μg/mL for MCF-7 and SK-BR3 breast cancer cells, respectively. The cytological observations showed the typical apoptotic morphology in both of the breast cancer cells upon treatment with FSE, as it inhibited the migration and adhesion, in a dose-dependent manner. The flow cytometry analysis revealed that FSE induced a significant shift from G 2 /M, and polyploidy (>G) at higher concentrations that suggested the activation of p53-mediated mitotic catastrophe, consequently leading to apoptosis. FSE induced a significant increase in the mitochondrial depolarization, ROS as well as a Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, and also exhibited the mitochondrial associated p53 signaling pathway. The in vivo acute toxicity data revealed that the oral administration of FSE did not induce any toxic effect in mice. Conclusion This study, for the first time, reports the mechanistic details of the anti-cancer potential of FSE. It requires a detailed analysis to understand the effect of FSE to induce the apoptosis through the multiple signaling pathways at varying concentrations. The nontoxic effect of FSE in mice suggests to utilize it safely for pharmaceutical formulations in different cancer systems.

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“…For instance, high CO 2 (620 ppm) significantly increased the biomass of two cultivars of broccoli sprouts by about 1.5 to 1.8-fold compared to ambient CO 2 concentration [17]. As well as eCO 2 exposure enhanced most measured physical parameters in fenugreek seeds, including seed length, width, mass, thickness, and pod length [25].…”

Section: Effect Of Eco 2 On the Growth Photosynthesis And Respiration Of T Ammi Sproutsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The improvement in the concentrations of phenolic and flavonoid compounds in ajwain, due to eCO 2 exposure, could be explained in the light of the theory that the accumulation of antioxidant metabolites depends on intermediates of C and N metabolism [34]. Thus, by its positive effect on primary metabolism and nutrient uptake, eCO 2 is expected to enhance the contents of phenolic and flavonoids [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35].…”

Section: Improved Photosynthesis Induced the Secondary Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploratory Assessment to Evaluate Seed Sprouting under Elevated CO2 Revealed Improved Biomass, Physiology, and Nutritional Value of Trachyspermum ammi

et al. 2021

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Elevated atmospheric CO2 (eCO2) can significantly enhance plant metabolism and improve their nutritional quality. Although several studies addressed the effect of eCO2 on plants, to our knowledge, there are no studies that have applied eCO2 to improve growth, chemical composition, and biological properties of ajwain (Trachyspermum ammi) during sprouting. Herein, eCO2 (620 µmol mol−1) was employed to enhance photosynthetic reactions. Improved photosynthesis induced primary and bioactive secondary metabolism, which led to improved biological activities of T. ammi sprouts in comparison with control sprouts and seeds. eCO2-treated sprouts showed significantly (p < 0.05) higher levels of most measured nutritional primary and secondary metabolites like soluble sugars, essential amino acids, organic acids, essential oils, phenolics, and flavonoids than control sprouts, which had significantly higher values than control seeds. eCO2 significantly improved the antimicrobial properties of T. ammi sprouts against 11 out of 13 microbial species than control sprouts, which had more potent antimicrobial activities than seeds. The significant increase in the antioxidant potential of treated sprouts was indicated by improved levels of ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), DPPH, and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC). In addition, the anticancer activity against four different human tumor cell lines was significantly (p < 0.05) boosted by both sprouting and eCO2 exposure. Thus, the present study confirms the synergistic effect of sprouting with eCO2 exposure as promising approaches to produce ajwain sprouts with rich nutraceuticals, effective phytochemicals, and enhanced biological activities.

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CO2 treatment improves the hypocholesterolemic and antioxidant properties of fenugreek seeds

Cited by 32 publications

References 45 publications

Laser Light Treatment of Seeds for Improving the Biomass Photosynthesis, Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of Lemongrass Sprouts

Laser Light Treatment of Seeds for Improving the Biomass Photosynthesis, Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of Lemongrass Sprouts

Methanolic Fenugreek Seed Extract Induces p53-Dependent Mitotic Catastrophe in Breast Cancer Cells, Leading to Apoptosis

Exploratory Assessment to Evaluate Seed Sprouting under Elevated CO2 Revealed Improved Biomass, Physiology, and Nutritional Value of Trachyspermum ammi

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