CO2 transport and storage feasibility and cost study for ASEAN

Abstract

Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) technology is expected to a play a significant role in reducing CO2 emissions globally. The first steps for successful deployment include identifying CO2 storage potential, determining CO2 injection rates, evaluating of CO2 transport options, estimating associated costs, and facilitating policy and regulatory frameworks. To evaluate the CCS feasibility in Southeast Asia, we first identify the CO2 storage sites in several member countries of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). Storage potential is estimated at 11.7 Gt in 234 oil and gas fields, 24.2 Gt in 42 field-scale saline formations, and 275 Gt in basin-scale saline formations. Using the hydrocarbon production data, we calculate the CO2 injection rates in 126 fields and find that 23% of the evaluated fields support injection rates greater than 0.4 Mt/well/year. We evaluate two types of CO2 transportation solutions: via pipeline and via shipping. Our case study with CO2 sourced from Singapore and transported to regional sequestration sites shows strong technical feasibility with transport and storage costs ranging from US$48/ton to US$450/ton. We assess the policy environment of selected countries in ASEAN and suggest potential pathways to enable robust CCS supply chains.