CO2 Hydrogenation to Methane over Ni-Catalysts: The Effect of Support and Vanadia Promoting

Abstract

Within the Waste2Fuel project, innovative, high-performance, and cost-effective fuel production methods are developed to target the “closed carbon cycle”. The catalysts supported on different metal oxides were characterized by XRD, XPS, Raman, UV-Vis, temperature-programmed techniques; then, they were tested in CO2 hydrogenation at 1 bar. Moreover, the V2O5 promotion was studied for Ni/Al2O3 catalyst. The precisely designed hydrotalcite-derived catalyst and vanadia-promoted Ni-catalysts deliver exceptional conversions for the studied processes, presenting high durability and selectivity, outperforming the best-known catalysts. The equilibrium conversion was reached at temperatures around 623 K, with the primary product of reaction CH4 (>97% CH4 yield). Although the Ni loading in hydrotalcite-derived NiWP is lower by more than 40%, compared to reference NiR catalyst and available commercial samples, the activity increases for this sample, reaching almost equilibrium values (GHSV = 1.2 × 104 h–1, 1 atm, and 293 K).

Developing Benign Ni/g-C3N4 Catalysts for CO2 Hydrogenation: Activity and Toxicity Study

“… 5 , 15 , 38 Using the I D / I G peak intensity ratio, the level of disorder in the bare CN and hybrid material can be characterized as described previously. 15 , 16 , 38 Moreover, from the I 750 / I 705 ratio (or the I 543 / I 479 ratio), the degree of exfoliation (extent of exfoliation) can be obtained. 38 In all studied catalysts, the I 750 / I 705 ratio indicated the presence of bulk g-C 3 N 4 ; i.e., in the case of pure CN and hybrid Ni/CN, the I 750 / I 705 ratios were ca.…”

“…CO 2 hydrogenation is a highly exothermic process, where the reaction equilibrium is significantly influenced by pressure and temperature. 8 , 14 , 16 , 18 The hydrogenation reaction research concentrates mainly on C 1 or short-chain products CO, HCOOH, CH 3 OH, CH 4 , and C 2 –C 4 olefins. 12 , 19 For that, two kinds of mechanisms have been proposed.…”

Hydrogenation of carbon dioxide (CO2) to fuels in microreactors: a review of set-ups and value-added chemicals production

“…44,45 The production of methane through CO 2 hydrogenation is the most sustainable and convenient pathway to store significant quantities of energy generated from renewable sources. 46–54 CO 2 hydrogenation to C 1 reaction, initially revealed by the French chemist Paul Sabatier, 1,55 can be represented as: 56,57 CO 2 + 4H 2 ⇌ CH 4 + 2H 2 OΔ H 298K = −165 kJ mol −1 …”

“…44,45 The production of methane through CO 2 hydrogenation is the most sustainable and convenient pathway to store significant quantities of energy generated from renewable sources. [46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54] 96 The remarkable selectivity and conversion are due to the exceedingly high-pressure conditions used for the study.…”

Cold Plasma Synthesis and Testing of NiOX-Based Thin-Film Catalysts for CO2 Methanation

“…However, despite intensive research, the optimal Ni-based catalyst for the CO 2 methanation process has not yet been indicated. On the other hand, a wide base of results has already been gathered showing large differences in the process performance and the catalyst stability depending on the type of support material, preparation methods, and the additives [14][15][16][17][18][19], supplementing the base constantly with new, more and more sophisticated systems, such as decorating carbon nanotubes doped with nitrogen with nickel nanoparticles [20] or nickel loading on graphene nanosheets [21].…”