CO2 fluxes from mid-ocean ridges, arcs and plumes

Marty, Bernard; Tolstikhin, Igor

doi:10.1016/s0009-2541(97)00145-9

Cited by 401 publications

(252 citation statements)

References 99 publications

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“…The average value of 8.2 ± 0.2 R a is in good agreement with the results already published by van Soest et al, 1998 (7.94-7.96 R a ); Pedroni et al, 1999 (8.32-8.46 R a ) and Ruzié et al, 2012 (7.9-8.1 R a ) and evidences a MORB-type mantle source feeding the volcanic system. As classically observed in arc-related fluids (Fischer and Marty, 2005), the mean value of (CO 2 / 3 He) ratios, (11.2 ± 2.7) × 10 9 , is~5 times higher than the MORB value of (2 ± 1) × 10 9 (Marty and Jambon, 1987;Marty and Tolstikhin, 1998), due to the addition of slab-derived carbon supplied by sedimentary marine carbonate and organic matter. The mean δ 13 C value of the volcanic CO 2 , (− 3.2 ± 0.3) o / oo , is also significantly higher than the MORB value of (− 6.5 ± 2) o / oo (Javoy et al, 1986;Marty and Jambon, 1987;Sano and Marty, 1995) Pedroni et al, 1999;Ruzié et al, 2012; in black: this work).…”

Section: La Soufrière Systemsupporting

confidence: 54%

“…When referred to the atmospheric ratio (R a = 1.38 × 10 −6 ), typical 3 He/ 4 He ratios vary from b0.05 R a in the continental crust to 8 ± 1 R a on average in MORB-type upper mantle, and up to~40-50 R a in products of plume-related ocean islands, such as Hawaii and Iceland (Ballentine and Burnard, 2002;Graham, 2002;Stuart et al, 2003). Furthermore, helium closely follows carbon dioxide during magma degassing and the CO 2 / 3 He ratio of volcanic gases is one important complementary indicator of their origin (Sano and Marty, 1995;Allard et al, 1997;Marty and Tolstikhin, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Helium isotope systematics of volcanic gases and thermal waters of Guadeloupe Island, Lesser Antilles

Jean‐Baptiste

Allard

Fourré

et al. 2014

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

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The island of Guadeloupe is located in the middle of the 850 km long Lesser Antilles island arc. Present-day volcanic and geothermal activity is concentrated in two systems both located in the southwestern part of the island (Basse Terre): the La Soufrière volcanic complex and the Bouillante hydrothermal system, some 20 km to the northwest of the volcano. We report here the largest isotopic data set for helium isotopes in hydrothermal gases and waters from both systems, acquired between 1980 and 2012. 3 He/ 4 He ratios in the fumarolic gases of La Soufrière volcano have been quite homogeneous and stable over the last thirty years. The average ratio of 8.2 ± 0.2 R a confirms that the volcano is tapping a MORB-like mantle source. In contrast, the nearby Bouillante geothermal system displays a much lower 3 He/ 4 He ratio (4.5 ± 0.1 R a ). He-C elemental and isotopic relationships show that both systems are actually fed by the same magmatic source, and that their marked difference in 3 He/ 4 He results from the 4 He contamination of the Bouillante deep aquifer by the surrounding wallrock. This conclusion is strengthened by the spatial distribution of 3 He/ 4 He ratios which shows that La Soufrière fumaroles and the Bouillante geothermal system are the two end-members of a spatial trend of decreasing 3 He/ 4 He ratio with distance from La Soufrière summit dome, implying an increasing addition of radiogenic 4 He from the host rocks away from the present-day active volcanic edifice.

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Section: La Soufrière Systemsupporting

confidence: 54%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Helium isotope systematics of volcanic gases and thermal waters of Guadeloupe Island, Lesser Antilles

Jean‐Baptiste

Allard

Fourré

et al. 2014

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

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“…The annual volume of magma is approximately 3 km 3 (though possibly as small as 1.9 km 3 ), combining igneous provinces and hotspot volcanoes on continents with those in the ocean (Crisp 1984). A more recent, separate tabulation of large igneous provinces by Marty & Tolstikhin (1998) finds a total of 95.5! 10 6 km 3 in the past 250 Myr, for a rate of 0.4 km 3 /yr.…”

Section: Inputs Of Mantle Carbonmentioning

confidence: 99%

The carbon cycle and associated redox processes through time

Hayes

Waldbauer

2006

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

420

308

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Earth's biogeochemical cycle of carbon delivers both limestones and organic materials to the crust. In numerous, biologically catalysed redox reactions, hydrogen, sulphur, iron, and oxygen serve prominently as electron donors and acceptors. The progress of these reactions can be reconstructed from records of variations in the abundance of 13 C in sedimentary carbonate minerals and organic materials. Because the crust is always receiving new CO 2 from the mantle and a portion of it is being reduced by photoautotrophs, the carbon cycle has continuously released oxidizing power. Most of it is represented by Fe 3C that has accumulated in the crust or been returned to the mantle via subduction. Less than 3% of the estimated, integrated production of oxidizing power since 3.8 Gyr ago is represented by O 2 in the atmosphere and dissolved in seawater. The balance is represented by sulphate. The accumulation of oxidizing power can be estimated from budgets summarizing inputs of mantle carbon and rates of organic-carbon burial, but levels of O 2 are only weakly and indirectly coupled to those phenomena and thus to carbon-isotopic records. Elevated abundances of 13 C in carbonate minerals ca 2.3 Gyr old, in particular, are here interpreted as indicating the importance of methanogenic bacteria in sediments rather than increased burial of organic carbon.

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“…In addition, it is an important parameter to constrain in order to calcu- late volcanic CO 2 £uxes [27]. The CO 2 / 3 He ratios of all samples (with the exception of samples from Tipitapa (N-32, N-33) and San Francisco Libre (N-15, I-118)) are signi¢cantly higher than values found at mid-ocean ridges (CO 2 / 3 He = 2U10 9 [27]), presumably due to the addition of either slab-derived or crustal carbon (see Fig. 2).…”

Section: Co 2 / 3 Hementioning

confidence: 99%

Contrasting He–C relationships in Nicaragua and Costa Rica: insights into C cycling through subduction zones

Shaw

Hilton

Fischer

et al. 2003

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

166

160

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We report 3 He/ 4 He ratios, relative He, Ne, and CO 2 abundances as well as N 13 C values for volatiles from the volcanic output along the Costa Rica and Nicaragua segments of the Central American arc utilising fumaroles, geothermal wells, water springs and bubbling hot springs. CO 2 / 3 He ratios are relatively constant throughout Costa Rica (av. 2.1U10 10 ) and Nicaragua (av. 2.5U10 10 ) and similar to arcs worldwide (V1.5U10 10 ). N 13 C values range from 36.8x (MORB-like) to 30.1x (similar to marine carbonate (0x)). 3 He/ 4 He ratios are essentially MORBlike (8 þ 1 R A ) with some samples showing evidence of crustal He additions^water spring samples are particularly susceptible to modification. The He^CO 2 relationships are consistent with an enhanced input of slab-derived C to magma sources in Nicaragua ((L+S)/M = 16; where L, M and S represent the fraction of CO 2 derived from limestone and/or marine carbonate (L), the mantle (M) and sedimentary organic C (S) sources) relative to Costa Rica ((L+S)/ M = 10). This is consistent with prior studies showing a higher sedimentary flux to the arc volcanics in Nicaragua (as traced by Ba/La, 10 Be and La/Yb). Possible explanations include: (1) offscraping of the uppermost sediments in the Costa Rica forearc, and (2) a cooler thermal regime in the Nicaragua subduction zone, preserving a higher proportion of melt-inducing fluids to subarc depths, leading to a higher degree of sediment transfer to the subarc mantle. The absolute flux of CO 2 from the Central American arc as determined by correlation spectrometry methods (5.8U10 10 mol/yr) and CO 2 / 3 He ratios (7.1U10 10 mol/yr) represents approximately 14^18% of the amount of CO 2 input at the trench from the various slab contributors (carbonate sediments, organic C, and altered oceanic crust). Although the absolute flux is comparable to other arcs, the efficiency of CO 2 recycling through the Central American arc is surprisingly low (14^18% vs. a global average of V50%). This may be attributed to either significant C loss in the forearc region, or incomplete decarbonation of carbonate sediments at subarc depths. The implication of the latter case is that a large fraction of C (up to 86%) may be transferred to the deep mantle (depths beyond the source of arc magmas). ß

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CO2 fluxes from mid-ocean ridges, arcs and plumes

Cited by 401 publications

References 99 publications

Helium isotope systematics of volcanic gases and thermal waters of Guadeloupe Island, Lesser Antilles

Helium isotope systematics of volcanic gases and thermal waters of Guadeloupe Island, Lesser Antilles

The carbon cycle and associated redox processes through time

Contrasting He–C relationships in Nicaragua and Costa Rica: insights into C cycling through subduction zones

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