CO2 enrichment affects eco-physiological growth of maize and alfalfa under different water stress regimes in the UAE

Ksiksi, Taoufik; Ppoyil, Shaijal Babu Thru; Palakkott, Abdul Rasheed

doi:10.1007/s12298-018-0507-6

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The few previously published experiments report a non-plastic response of the f gc to water deficit in maize [ 55 , 56 , 57 ]. In our study, we observed maize stomatal plasticity due to the stomatal development inhibition relative to the decrease in leaf and epidermal size.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Different Leaf Anatomical Responses to Water Deficit in Maize and Soybean

Mano

Madore

Mickelbart

2023

Life

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The stomata on leaf surfaces control gas exchange and water loss, closing during dry periods to conserve water. The distribution and size of stomatal complexes is determined by epidermal cell differentiation and expansion during leaf growth. Regulation of these processes in response to water deficit may result in stomatal anatomical plasticity as part of the plant acclimation to drought. We quantified the leaf anatomical plasticity under water-deficit conditions in maize and soybean over two experiments. Both species produced smaller leaves in response to the water deficit, partly due to the reductions in the stomata and pavement cell size, although this response was greater in soybean, which also produced thicker leaves under severe stress, whereas the maize leaf thickness did not change. The stomata and pavement cells were smaller with the reduced water availability in both species, resulting in higher stomatal densities. Stomatal development (measured as stomatal index, SI) was suppressed in both species at the lowest water availability, but to a greater extent in maize than in soybean. The result of these responses is that in maize leaves, the stomatal area fraction (fgc) was consistently reduced in the plants grown under severe but not moderate water deficit, whereas the fgc did not decrease in the water-stressed soybean leaves. The water deficit resulted in the reduced expression of one of two (maize) or three (soybean) SPEECHLESS orthologs, and the expression patterns were correlated with SI. The vein density (VD) increased in both species in response to the water deficit, although the effect was greater in soybean. This study establishes a mechanism of stomatal development plasticity that can be applied to other species and genotypes to develop or investigate stomatal development plasticity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Different Leaf Anatomical Responses to Water Deficit in Maize and Soybean

Mano

Madore

Mickelbart

2023

Life

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“…The different results between ours and theirs are due to different species. Diversely, Ksiksi, et al [61] reported there was no significant increase in total chlorophyll content in alfalfa under enriched CO2 environments. A meta-analysis using 57 articles consisting of 1015 observations showed the concentrations of total chlorophyll, anthocyanins, and carotenoids were not influence by enriched CO2 [54].…”

Section: Chlorophyll Content Quantum Yield and Stomatal Conductancementioning

confidence: 96%

Carbon Dioxide Enrichment Combined with Supplemental Light Improve Growth and Quality of Plug Seedlings of Astragalus membranaceus Bunge and Codonopsis lanceolata Benth. et Hook. f.

Ren

Jeong

2019

Agronomy

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Astragalus membranaceus Bunge and Codonopsis lanceolata Benth. et Hook. f. are two medicinal species used to remedy inflammation, tumor, and obesity in Eastern medicine. Carbon dioxide (CO2) and supplemental lighting are two methods to enhance the growth, yield, and quality of crops. However, few studies have focused on the synergistic effects of CO2 and the supplemental light source on plug seedlings of medicinal species. In this study, uniform seedlings were grown with no supplemental light (the control) or under one of three supplemental light sources [high pressure sodium (HPS), metal halide (MH), or mixed light-emitting diodes (LEDs)] combined with one of three levels of CO2 (350, 700, or 1050 μmol·mol−1). The supplemental light (100 μmol·m−2·s−1 photosynthetic photon flux density) and CO2 were provided simultaneously from 10:00 pm to 2:00 am every day. The results showed that the supplemental lighting (LEDs, MH, and HPS) greatly improved the seedling quality with greater dry weights (of the shoot, root, and leaf), stem diameter, leaf area, and Dickson’s quality index (DQI) than those of the control in both species. An enriched CO2 at 1050 μmol·mol−1 accelerated the growth and development of plug seedlings, evidenced by the increased root and leaf dry weights, stem diameter, and DQI compared to the those from the other two CO2 enrichment levels. Moreover, LEDs combined with 1050 μmol·mol−1 CO2 not only increased the contents of soluble sugars but also the starch content. However, an enriched CO2 at 700 μmol·mol−1 was more suitable for the accumulation of total phenols and flavonoids. Furthermore, LEDs combined with 700 or 1050 μmol·mol−1 CO2 increased the chlorophyll, quantum yield, and stomatal conductance at daytime and nighttime for A. membranaceus and C. lanceolata, respectively. In conclusion, the data suggest that LEDs combined with CO2 at 1050 μmol·mol−1 is recommended for enhancing the growth and development of plug seedlings of A. membranaceus and C. lanceolata.

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“…They found that elevated carbon dioxide and temperature conditionsmay enhance fiber content, reducing crude protein and the digestibility of alfalfa forage. Due to the elevated CO 2 , increased total mineralnutrient uptake alfalfa yield has been observed (Sanz-Saez et al 2012), Ksiksi et al (2018) studiedalfalfa production under water stress with CO 2 enrichment under greenhouse conditions. They reported that it is possible to reduce the amount of irrigation water used without a reduction in the forage yield of alfalfa if this production is coupled with CO 2 enrichmentunder greenhouse conditions,and (9) Additional studies have investigated elevated CO 2 and its impact on alfalfa production under different conditions (e.g., Fischinger et al 2010;Farfan-Vignolo and Asard 2012;Sanz-Sáez et al 2013;Erice et al 2014;Goicoechea et al 2014;Irigoyen et al 2014;Ariz et al 2015).…”

Section: Alfalfa Production Under Climate Changementioning

confidence: 99%

Alfalfa Growth under Changing Environments: An Overview

El-Ramady

Abdalla

Kovács

et al. 2020

EBSS

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C ROp production is one of the most important agro-global issues, in particular questions of production under changing environmental conditions. This production needs to be increased to meet global needs for food, feed, fiber and fuel. Alfalfa is classified as "the queen of the forage crops" due to its high protein content and nutritional valueas well as its unique availability during the summer compared with other forage crops. The production of alfalfa under different stressful environments is a great challenge due toseveral problems with alfalfa crop production, which represent a serious threat to global food security.These stresses may cause a decline in the global feed production from alfalfa due to harmful effects resulting from stressesat the physiological, biochemical and histological levels. To improve the production of alfalfa under these stresses, there is a crucial need to understand the response of alfalfa plants to stresses, the mechanisms of tolerance and the management options. The bio-organic fertilizers derived from alfalfa plants are a crucial and sustainable solution in particular under stressful environments. This review represents an attempt to highlight the positive sides of alfalfa production, particularly the sustainable use of this crop in bio-organic fertilizer production. The chemical and anatomical properties of this plant will also bereviewed. The histology of alfalfa plants under changing environments still needsfurther investigation.

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CO2 enrichment affects eco-physiological growth of maize and alfalfa under different water stress regimes in the UAE

Cited by 10 publications

References 32 publications

Different Leaf Anatomical Responses to Water Deficit in Maize and Soybean

Different Leaf Anatomical Responses to Water Deficit in Maize and Soybean

Carbon Dioxide Enrichment Combined with Supplemental Light Improve Growth and Quality of Plug Seedlings of Astragalus membranaceus Bunge and Codonopsis lanceolata Benth. et Hook. f.

Alfalfa Growth under Changing Environments: An Overview

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